20:2 “I, 1 the Lord, am your God, 2 who brought you 3 from the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery. 4
23:9 “You must not oppress 5 a foreigner, since you know the life 6 of a foreigner, for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
1 sn The revelation of Yahweh here begins with the personal pronoun. “I” – a person, a living personality, not an object or a mere thought. This enabled him to address “you” – Israel, and all his people, making the binding stipulations for them to conform to his will (B. Jacob, Exodus, 544).
2 tn Most English translations have “I am Yahweh your God.” But the preceding chapters have again and again demonstrated how he made himself known to them. Now, the emphasis is on “I am your God” – and what that would mean in their lives.
3 tn The suffix on the verb is second masculine singular. It is this person that will be used throughout the commandments for the whole nation. God addresses them all as his people, but he addresses them individually for their obedience. The masculine form is not, thereby, intended to exclude women.
4 tn Heb “the house of slaves” meaning “the land of slavery.”
5 tn The verb means “to crush.” S. R. Driver notes that in this context this would probably mean with an unfair judgment in the courts (Exodus, 239).
6 tn Heb “soul, life” – “you know what it feels like.”
7 tn Heb “brother.”
8 tn Heb “sojourner.”