Exodus 20:26

20:26 And you must not go up by steps to my altar, so that your nakedness is not exposed.’ ¹ 

Exodus 39:28

39:28 and the turban of fine linen, the headbands of fine linen, and the undergarments of fine twisted linen.

Leviticus 6:10

6:10 Then the priest must put on his linen robe and must put linen leggings ²  over his bare flesh, and he must take up the fatty ashes of the burnt offering that the fire consumed on the altar, ³  and he must place them ⁴  beside the altar.

Leviticus 16:4

16:4 He must put on a holy linen tunic, ⁵  linen leggings are to cover his body, ⁶  and he is to wrap himself with a linen sash ⁷  and wrap his head with a linen turban. ⁸  They are holy garments, so he must bathe ⁹  his body in water and put them on.

Ezekiel 44:18

44:18 Linen turbans will be on their heads and linen undergarments will be around their waists; they must not bind themselves with anything that causes sweat.

Revelation 3:18

3:18 take my advice ¹⁰  and buy gold from me refined by fire so you can become rich! Buy from me ¹¹  white clothing so you can be clothed and your shameful nakedness ¹²  will not be exposed, and buy eye salve ¹³  to put on your eyes so you can see!

¹ tn Heb “uncovered” (so ASV, NAB).

² tn The exact nature of this article of the priest’s clothing is difficult to determine. Cf. KJV, ASV “breeches”; NAB “drawers”; NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “undergarments”; NCV “underclothes”; CEV “underwear”; TEV “shorts.”

³ tn Heb “he shall lift up the fatty ashes which the fire shall consume the burnt offering on the altar.”

⁴ tn Heb “it,” referring the “fatty ashes” as a single unit.

³ sn The term “tunic” refers to a shirt-like garment worn next to the skin and, therefore, put on first (cf. Exod 28:4, 39-40; 29:5, 8; 39:27). It covered the upper body only. For detailed remarks on the terminology for the priestly clothing in this verse (except the “linen leggings”) see the notes on Lev 8:7-9 and the literature cited there.

⁴ tn Heb “shall be on his flesh.” As in many instances in Lev 15, the term “flesh” or “body” here is euphemistic for the male genitals (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1017, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 222; cf. the note on Lev 15:2), which the priest must be careful not to expose during such ritual procedures (see Exod 20:26 with 28:42-43).

⁵ sn The sash fastened the tunic around the waist (Exod 28:4, 39; 29:9; 39:29).

⁶ tn Heb “and in a turban of linen he shall wrap.”

⁷ tn Heb “and he shall bathe….”

⁴ tn Grk “I counsel you to buy.”

⁵ tn Grk “rich, and.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation, repeating the words “Buy from me” to make the connection clear for the English reader.

⁶ tn Grk “the shame of the nakedness of you,” which has been translated as an attributed genitive like καινότητι ζωῆς (kainothti zwh") in Rom 6:4 (ExSyn 89-90).

⁷ sn The city of Laodicea had a famous medical school and exported a powder (called a “Phrygian powder”) that was widely used as an eye salve. It was applied to the eyes in the form of a paste the consistency of dough (the Greek term for the salve here, κολλούριον, kollourion [Latin collyrium], is a diminutive form of the word for a long roll of bread).