26:14 “You are to make a covering 1 for the tent out of ram skins dyed red and over that a covering of fine leather. 2
20:4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image 4 or any likeness 5 of anything 6 that is in heaven above or that is on the earth beneath or that is in the water below. 7
1 sn Two outer coverings made of stronger materials will be put over the tent and the curtain, the two inner layers.
2 tn See the note on this phrase in Exod 25:5.
3 tn See the note on this phrase in Exod 25:5.
5 tn A פֶּסֶל (pesel) is an image that was carved out of wood or stone. The Law was concerned with a statue that would be made for the purpose of worship, an idol to be venerated, and not any ordinary statue.
6 tn The word תְּמוּנָה (tÿmunah) refers to the mental pattern from which the פֶּסֶל (pesel) is constructed; it is a real or imagined resemblance. If this is to stand as a second object to the verb, then the verb itself takes a slightly different nuance here. It would convey “you shall not make an image, neither shall you conceive a form” for worship (B. Jacob, Exodus, 547). Some simply make the second word qualify the first: “you shall not make an idol in the form of…” (NIV).
7 tn Here the phrase “of anything” has been supplied.
8 tn Heb “under the earth” (so KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV).
7 tn The verb means “overshadowing, screening” in the sense of guarding (see 1 Kgs 8:7; 1 Chr 28:18; see also the account in Gen 3:24). The cherubim then signify two things here: by their outstretched wings they form the throne of God who sits above the ark (with the Law under his feet), and by their overshadowing and guarding they signify this as the place of atonement where people must find propitiation to commune with God. Until then they are barred from his presence. See U. Cassuto, Exodus, 330-35.
8 tn Heb “their faces a man to his brother.”
9 tn Heb “the faces of the cherubim will be” (“the cherubim” was moved to the preceding clause for smoother English).
9 tn Here “more” has been supplied.
11 tn The construction is a participle in construct followed by the genitive “wings” – “spreaders of wings.”
12 tn “The cherubim” has been placed here instead of in the second clause to produce a smoother translation.
13 tn Heb “and their faces a man to his brother.”
14 tn Heb “to the atonement lid were the faces of the cherubim.”
13 tn Here “more” has been supplied.
15 sn The weight would be about half an ounce.
16 tn Heb “upward.”
17 tn The phrase “in all” has been supplied.