Exodus 28:12

28:12 You are to put the two stones on the shoulders of the ephod, stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, and Aaron will bear their names before the Lord on his two shoulders for a memorial. ¹ 

Exodus 28:29

28:29 Aaron will bear the names of the sons of Israel in the breastpiece of decision over his heart ²  when he goes into the holy place, for a memorial before the Lord continually.

Joshua 4:7

4:7 tell them how the water of the Jordan stopped flowing ³  before the ark of the covenant of the Lord. When it crossed the Jordan, the water of the Jordan stopped flowing. ⁴  These stones will be a lasting memorial for the Israelites.”

Nehemiah 2:20

2:20 I responded to them by saying, “The God of heaven will prosper us. We his servants will start the rebuilding. ⁵  But you have no just or ancient right in Jerusalem.” ⁶ 

Mark 14:9

14:9 I tell you the truth, ⁷  wherever the gospel is proclaimed in the whole world, what she has done will also be told in memory of her.”

Mark 14:22-25

The Lord’s Supper

14:22 While they were eating, he took bread, and after giving thanks he broke it, gave it to them, and said, “Take it. This is my body.” 14:23 And after taking the cup and giving thanks, he gave it to them, and they all drank from it. 14:24 He said to them, “This is my blood, the blood ⁸  of the covenant, ⁹  that is poured out for many. 14:25 I tell you the truth, ¹⁰  I will no longer drink of the fruit ¹¹  of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”

¹ sn This was to be a perpetual reminder that the priest ministers on behalf of the twelve tribes of Israel. Their names would always be borne by the priests.

² sn So Aaron will have the names of the tribes on his shoulders (v. 12) which bear the weight and symbol of office (see Isa 9:6; 22:22), and over his heart (implying that they have a constant place in his thoughts [Deut 6:6]). Thus he was to enter the presence of God as the nation’s representative, ever mindful of the nation’s interests, and ever bringing the remembrance of it before God (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 306).

³ tn Heb “were cut off from before.”

⁴ tn Heb “how the waters descending from above stood still.”

⁵ tn Heb “will arise and build.” The idiom “arise and…” means to begin the action described by the second verb.

⁶ tn Heb “portion or right or remembrance.” The expression is probably a hendiatris: The first two nouns retain their full nominal function, while the third noun functions adjectivally (“right or remembrance” = “ancient right”).

⁷ tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”

⁸ tn Grk “this is my blood of the covenant that is poured out for many.” In order to avoid confusion about which is poured out, the translation supplies “blood” twice so that the following phrase clearly modifies “blood,” not “covenant.”

⁹ tc Most mss (A Ë^1,13 Ï lat sy) have καινῆς (kainh", “new”) before διαθήκης (diaqhkh", “covenant”), a reading that is almost surely influenced by the parallel passage in Luke 22:20. Further, the construction τὸ τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης (to th" kainh" diaqhkh"), in which the resumptive article τό (referring back to τὸ αἷμα [to |aima, “the blood”]) is immediately followed by the genitive article, is nowhere else used in Mark except for constructions involving a genitive of relationship (cf. Mark 2:14; 3:17, 18; 16:1). Thus, on both transcriptional and intrinsic grounds, this reading looks to be a later addition (which may have derived from τὸ τῆς διαθήκης of D* W 2427). The most reliable mss, along with several others (א B C D^c L Θ Ψ 565), lack καινῆς. This reading is strongly preferred.

¹⁰ tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”

¹¹ tn Grk “the produce” (“the produce of the vine” is a figurative expression for wine).