Exodus 33:14

33:14 And the Lord ¹  said, “My presence ²  will go with you, ³  and I will give you rest.” ⁴ 

Exodus 17:11

17:11 Whenever Moses would raise his hands, ⁵  then Israel prevailed, but whenever he would rest ⁶  his hands, then Amalek prevailed.

Exodus 23:12

23:12 For six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, in order that your ox and your donkey may rest and that your female servant’s son and any hired help ⁷  may refresh themselves. ⁸ 

Exodus 10:14

10:14 The locusts went up over all the land of Egypt and settled down in all the territory ⁹  of Egypt. It was very severe; ¹⁰  there had been no locusts like them before, nor will there be such ever again. ¹¹ 

Exodus 20:11

20:11 For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that is in them, and he rested on the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart as holy.

¹ tn Heb “and he said”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² sn Heb “my face.” This represents the presence of Yahweh going with the people (see 2 Sam 17:11 for an illustration). The “presence” probably refers to the angel of the presence or some similar manifestation of God’s leading and caring for his people.

³ tn The phrase “with you” is not in the Hebrew text, but is implied.

⁴ sn The expression certainly refers to the peace of mind and security of knowing that God was with them. But the expression came to mean “settle them in the land of promise” and give them rest and peace from their enemies. U. Cassuto (Exodus, 434) observes how in 32:10 God had told Moses, “Leave me alone” (“give me rest”), but now he promises to give them rest. The parallelism underscores the great transition through intercession.

⁵ tn The two verbs in the temporal clauses are by וְהָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר (vÿhaya ka’asher, “as long as” or, “and it was that whenever”). This indicates that the two imperfect tenses should be given a frequentative translation, probably a customary imperfect.

⁶ tn Or “lower.”

⁹ tn Heb “alien,” or “resident foreigner.” Such an individual would have traveled out of need and depended on the goodwill of the people around him. The rendering “hired help” assumes that the foreigner is mentioned in this context because he is working for an Israelite and will benefit from the Sabbath rest, along with his employer.

¹⁰ tn The verb is וְיִּנָּפֵשׁ (vÿyyinnafesh); it is related to the word usually translated “soul” or “life.”

¹³ tn Heb “border.”

¹⁴ tn This is an interpretive translation. The clause simply has כָּבֵד מְאֹד (kaved mÿ’od), the stative verb with the adverb – “it was very heavy.” The description prepares for the following statement about the uniqueness of this locust infestation.

¹⁵ tn Heb “after them.”