Exodus 9:32

9:32 But the wheat and the spelt ¹  were not struck, for they are later crops.) ² 

Exodus 1:19

1:19 The midwives said to Pharaoh, “Because the Hebrew ³  women are not like the Egyptian women – for the Hebrew women ⁴  are vigorous; they give birth before the midwife gets to them!” ⁵ 

Exodus 39:14

39:14 The stones were for the names of the sons of Israel, twelve, corresponding to the number of ⁶  their names. Each name corresponding to one of the twelve tribes was like the engravings of a seal.

¹ tn The word כֻּסֶּמֶת (kussemet) is translated “spelt”; the word occurs only here and in Isa 28:25 and Ezek 4:9. Spelt is a grain closely allied to wheat. Other suggestions have been brought forward from the study of Egyptian crops (see a brief summary in W. C. Kaiser, Jr., “Exodus,” EBC 2:363-64).

² tn Heb “for they are late.”

³ sn See further N. Lemche, “‘Hebrew’ as a National Name for Israel,” ST 33 (1979): 1-23.

⁴ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Hebrew women) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁵ tn Heb “before the midwife comes to them (and) they give birth.” The perfect tense with the vav consecutive serves as the apodosis to the preceding temporal clause; it has the frequentative nuance (see GKC 337-38 §112.oo).

⁵ tn The phrase “the number of” has been supplied.