Ezekiel 20:6

20:6 On that day I swore ¹  to bring them out of the land of Egypt to a land which I had picked out ²  for them, a land flowing with milk and honey, ³  the most beautiful of all lands.

Ezekiel 20:15

20:15 I also swore ⁴  to them in the wilderness that I would not bring them to the land I had given them – a land flowing with milk and honey, the most beautiful of all lands.

Ezekiel 20:23

20:23 I also swore ⁵  to them in the wilderness that I would scatter them among the nations and disperse them throughout the lands. ⁶ 

Ezekiel 20:28

20:28 I brought them to the land which I swore ⁷  to give them, but whenever they saw any high hill or leafy tree, they offered their sacrifices there and presented the offerings that provoke me to anger. They offered their soothing aroma there and poured out their drink offerings.

Deuteronomy 32:40-42

32:40 For I raise up my hand to heaven,

and say, ‘As surely as I live forever,

32:41 I will sharpen my lightning-like sword,

and my hand will grasp hold of the weapon of judgment; ⁸ 

I will execute vengeance on my foes,

and repay those who hate me! ⁹ 

32:42 I will make my arrows drunk with blood,

and my sword will devour flesh –

the blood of the slaughtered and captured,

the chief ¹⁰  of the enemy’s leaders!’”

Psalms 106:26

106:26 So he made a solemn vow ¹¹ 

that he would make them die ¹²  in the desert,

Amos 8:7

8:7 The Lord confirms this oath ¹³  by the arrogance of Jacob: ¹⁴ 

“I swear ¹⁵  I will never forget all you have done! ¹⁶ 

Revelation 10:5-6

10:5 Then ¹⁷  the angel I saw standing on the sea and on the land raised his right hand to heaven 10:6 and swore by the one who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and what is in it, and the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it, “There will be no more delay! ¹⁸ 

¹ tn Heb “I lifted up my hand to them.”

² tn Or “searched out.” The Hebrew word is used to describe the activity of the spies in “spying out” the land of Canaan (Num 13-14); cf. KJV “I had espied for them.”

³ sn The phrase “a land flowing with milk and honey,” a figure of speech describing the land’s abundant fertility, occurs in v. 15 as well as Exod 3:8, 17; 13:5; 33:3; Lev 20:24; Num 13:27; Deut 6:3; 11:9; 26:9; 27:3; Josh 5:6; Jer 11:5; 32:23 (see also Deut 1:25; 8:7-9).

⁴ tn Heb “I lifted up my hand.”

⁷ tn Heb “I lifted up my hand.”

⁸ sn Though the Pentateuch does not seem to know of this episode, Ps 106:26-27 may speak of God’s oath to exile the people before they had entered Canaan.

¹⁰ tn Heb “which I lifted up my hand.”

¹³ tn Heb “judgment.” This is a metonymy, a figure of speech in which the effect (judgment) is employed as an instrument (sword, spear, or the like), the means, by which it is brought about.

¹⁴ tn The Hebrew term שָׂנֵא (sane’, “hate”) in this covenant context speaks of those who reject Yahweh’s covenant overtures, that is, who disobey its stipulations (see note on the word “rejecting” in Deut 5:9; also see Deut 7:10; 2 Chr 19:2; Ps 81:15; 139:20-21).

¹⁶ tn Or “head” (the same Hebrew word can mean “head” in the sense of “leader, chieftain” or “head” in the sense of body part).

¹⁹ tn Heb “and he lifted his hand to [or “concerning”] them.” The idiom “to lift a hand” here refers to swearing an oath. One would sometimes solemnly lift one’s hand when making such a vow (see Ezek 20:5-6, 15).

²⁰ tn Heb “to cause them to fall.”

²² tn Or “swears.”

²³ sn In an oath one appeals to something permanent to emphasize one’s commitment to the promise. Here the Lord sarcastically swears by the arrogance of Jacob, which he earlier had condemned (6:8), something just as enduring as the Lord’s own life (see 6:8) or unchanging character (see 4:2). Other suggestions include that the Lord is swearing by the land, his most valuable possession (cf. Isa 4:2; Ps 47:4 [47:5 HT]); that this is a divine epithet analogous to “the Glory of Israel” (1 Sam 15:29); or that an ellipsis should be understood here, in which case the meaning is the same as that of 6:8 (“The Lord has sworn [by himself] against the arrogance of Jacob”).

²⁴ tn The words “I swear” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied in the translation because a self-imprecation is assumed in oaths of this type.

²⁵ tn Or “I will never forget all your deeds.”

²⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

²⁸ tn On this phrase see BDAG 1092 s.v. χρόνος.