25:8 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘Moab 7 and Seir say, “Look, the house of Judah is like all the other nations.”
25:15 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘The Philistines 8 have exacted merciless revenge, 9 showing intense scorn 10 in their effort to destroy Judah 11 with unrelenting hostility. 12 25:16 So this is what the sovereign Lord says: Take note, I am about to stretch out my hand against the Philistines. I will kill 13 the Cherethites 14 and destroy those who remain on the seacoast. 25:17 I will exact great vengeance upon them with angry rebukes. 15 Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I exact my vengeance upon them.’”
1 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates being aware of or taking notice of something and has been translated here with a verb (so also throughout the chapter).
2 tn Heb “Look I am about to give you for a possession to.”
3 tn Heb “sons.”
1 tn Heb “the sons of Ammon.”
1 tn Heb “with all your scorn in (the) soul.”
1 tc The translation here follows the marginal reading (Qere) of the Hebrew text. The consonantal text (Kethib) is meaningless.
1 sn Moab was located immediately south of Ammon.
1 sn The Philistines inhabited the coastal plain by the Mediterranean Sea, west of Judah.
2 tn Heb “have acted with vengeance and taken vengeance with vengeance.” The repetition emphasizes the degree of vengeance which they exhibited, presumably toward Judah.
3 tn Heb “with scorn in (the) soul.”
4 tn The object is not specified in the Hebrew text, but has been clarified as “Judah” in the translation.
5 tn Heb “to destroy (with) perpetual hostility.” Joel 3:4-8 also speaks of the Philistines taking advantage of the fall of Judah.
1 tn In Hebrew the verb “and I will cut off” sounds like its object, “the Cherethites,” and draws attention to the statement.
2 sn This is a name for the Philistines, many of whom migrated to Palestine from Crete.
1 tn Heb “with acts of punishment of anger.”