Ezekiel 25:5

25:5 I will make Rabbah a pasture for camels and Ammon ¹  a resting place for sheep. Then you will know that I am the Lord.

Deuteronomy 3:11

3:11 Only King Og of Bashan was left of the remaining Rephaites. (It is noteworthy ²  that his sarcophagus ³  was made of iron. ⁴  Does it not, indeed, still remain in Rabbath ⁵  of the Ammonites? It is thirteen and a half feet ⁶  long and six feet ⁷  wide according to standard measure.) ⁸ 

Deuteronomy 3:2

3:2 The Lord, however, said to me, “Don’t be afraid of him because I have already given him, his whole army, ⁹  and his land to you. You will do to him exactly what you did to King Sihon of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon.”

Deuteronomy 12:26

12:26 Only the holy things and votive offerings that belong to you, you must pick up and take to the place the Lord will choose. ¹⁰ 

Jeremiah 49:2

49:2 Because you did that,

I, the Lord, affirm that ¹¹  a time is coming

when I will make Rabbah, the capital city of Ammon,

hear the sound of the battle cry.

It will become a mound covered with ruins. ¹² 

Its villages will be burned to the ground. ¹³ 

Then Israel will take back its land

from those who took their land from them.

I, the Lord, affirm it! ¹⁴ 

Amos 1:14

1:14 So I will set fire to Rabbah’s ¹⁵  city wall; ¹⁶ 

fire ¹⁷  will consume her fortresses.

War cries will be heard on the day of battle; ¹⁸ 

a strong gale will blow on the day of the windstorm. ¹⁹ 

¹ tn Heb “the sons of Ammon.”

² tn Heb “Behold” (הִנֵּה, hinneh).

³ tn The Hebrew term עֶרֶשׂ (’eres), traditionally translated “bed” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT) is likely a basaltic (volcanic) stone sarcophagus of suitable size to contain the coffin of the giant Rephaite king. Its iron-like color and texture caused it to be described as an iron container. See A. Millard, “King Og’s Iron Bed: Fact or Fancy?” BR 6 (1990): 16-21, 44; cf. also NEB “his sarcophagus of basalt”; TEV, CEV “his coffin.”

⁴ tn Or “of iron-colored basalt.” See note on the word “sarcophagus” earlier in this verse.

⁵ sn Rabbath. This place name (usually occurring as Rabbah; 2 Sam 11:11; 12:27; Jer 49:3) refers to the ancient capital of the Ammonite kingdom, now the modern city of Amman, Jordan. The word means “great [one],” probably because of its political importance. The fact that the sarcophagus “still remain[ed]” there suggests this part of the verse is post-Mosaic, having been added as a matter of explanation for the existence of the artifact and also to verify the claim as to its size.

⁶ tn Heb “nine cubits.” Assuming a length of 18 in (45 cm) for the standard cubit, this would be 13.5 ft (4.1 m) long.

⁷ tn Heb “four cubits.” This would be 6 ft (1.8 m) wide.

⁸ tn Heb “by the cubit of man.” This probably refers to the “short” or “regular” cubit of approximately 18 in (45 cm).

⁹ tn Heb “people.”

¹⁰ tc Again, to complete a commonly attested wording the LXX adds after “choose” the phrase “to place his name there.” This shows insensitivity to deliberate departures from literary stereotypes. The MT reading is to be preferred.

¹¹ tn Heb “oracle of the Lord.”

¹² tn Heb “a desolate tel.” For the explanation of what a “tel” is see the study note on 30:18.

¹³ tn Heb “Its daughters will be burned with fire.” For the use of the word “daughters” to refer to the villages surrounding a larger city see BDB 123 s.v. I בַּת 4 and compare the usage in Judg 1:27.

¹⁴ tn Heb “says the Lord.” The first person is used to maintain the first person address throughout.

¹⁵ sn Rabbah was the Ammonite capital.

¹⁶ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

¹⁷ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁸ tn Heb “with a war cry in the day of battle.”

¹⁹ tn Heb “with wind in the day of the windstorm.”