1 tn The exact physiological meaning of the term is uncertain. In addition to v. 8, the term occurs only in Gen 32:33; Job 10:11; 40:17; and Jer 48:4.
2 tn Or “a spirit.”
3 tn Heb “I will multiply on you human(s).”
5 sn The Lord here uses a metaphor from the realm of ritual purification. For the use of water in ritual cleansing, see Exod 30:19-20; Lev 14:51; Num 19:18; Heb 10:22.
7 tn Heb “will bereave you.”
8 tn Heb “will pass through you.” This threat recalls the warning of Lev 26:22, 25 and Deut 32:24-25.
9 sn This phrase occurs frequently in Deuteronomy (Deut 4:34; 5:15; 7:19; 11:2; 26:8).
11 tn Or “high places.”
13 sn These verbs occur together in Gen 1:22, 28; 9:1.
14 tn Heb “your beginning.”
15 tn The Hebrew word carries the basic idea of “bad, displeasing, injurious,” but when used of weapons has the nuance “deadly” (see Ps 144:10).
16 tn Heb “which are/were to destroy.”
17 tn The language of this verse may have been influenced by Deut 32:23.
18 tn Or “which were to destroy those whom I will send to destroy you” (cf. NASB).
19 tn Heb, “break the staff of bread.” The bread supply is compared to a staff that one uses for support. See 4:16, as well as the covenant curse in Lev 26:26.
17 tn The phrase “mountains of Israel” occurs only in the book of Ezekiel (6:2, 3; 19:9; 33:28; 34:13, 14; 35:12; 36:1, 4, 8; 37:22; 38:8; 39:2, 4, 17). The expression refers to the whole land of Israel.
18 tn The introductory formula “Hear the word of the sovereign
19 tn Heb “Look I, I am bringing.” The repetition of the pronoun draws attention to the speaker. The construction also indicates that the action is soon to come; the Lord is “about to bring a sword against” them.
20 tn The Hebrew term refers to elevated platforms where pagan sacrifices were performed.