1 sn The Hebrew text mentions two different types of shields here.
2 tn The words “they are joined by” are added in the translation for purposes of English style.
3 sn The seven-nation coalition represents the north (Meshech, Tubal, Gomer, Beth-Togarmah), the south/west (Ethiopia, Put) and the east (Persia). The use of the sevenfold list suggests completeness. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:441.