The number of Israelites 1 was as follows: 2
1:12 Then Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, 8 along with the whole remnant of the people, 9 obeyed 10 the Lord their God. They responded favorably to the message of the prophet Haggai, who spoke just as the Lord their God had instructed him, 11 and the people began to respect the Lord. 12 1:13 Then Haggai, the Lord’s messenger, spoke the Lord’s word to the people: 13 “I am with you!” says the Lord. 1:14 So the Lord energized and encouraged 14 Zerubbabel 15 son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, 16 and the whole remnant of the people. 17 They came and worked on the temple of their God, the Lord who rules over all.
4:7 “What are you, you great mountain? 23 Because of Zerubbabel you will become a level plain! And he will bring forth the temple 24 capstone with shoutings of ‘Grace! Grace!’ 25 because of this.” 4:8 Moreover, the word of the Lord came to me as follows: 4:9 “The hands of Zerubbabel have laid the foundations of this temple, 26 and his hands will complete it.” Then you will know that the Lord who rules over all has sent me to you.
1:12 After 27 the deportation to Babylon, Jeconiah became the father of Shealtiel, 28 Shealtiel the father of Zerubbabel,
1 tn Heb “men of the people of Israel.”
2 tn The words “was as follows” are not in the Hebrew text but are used in the translation for clarity.
3 sn Jozadak (also in 3:8) is a variant spelling of Jehozadak.
4 tn Heb “his brothers the priests.”
5 tn Heb “his brothers.”
6 tn Heb “arose and built.”
7 tn Heb “written in.” Cf. v. 4.
8 tn Many English versions have “Joshua [the] son of Jehozadak, the high priest,” but this is subject to misunderstanding. See the note on the name “Jehozadak” at the end of v. 1.
9 tn Heb “all the remnant of the people.” The Hebrew phrase שְׁאֵרִית הָעָם (shÿ’erit ha’am) in this postexilic context is used as a technical term to refer to the returned remnant (see Ezra 9:14; Isa 10:20-22; 11:11, 16; Jer 23:3; 31:7; and many other passages). Cf. TEV “all the people who had returned from the exile in Babylonia.”
10 tn Heb “heard the voice of”; NAB “listened to the voice of.”
11 tn Heb “and according to the words of Haggai the prophet just as the
12 tn Heb “and the people feared from before the
13 tn Heb “Haggai, the messenger of the
14 tn Heb “stirred up” (as in many English versions). Only one verb appears in the Hebrew text, but the translation “energized and encouraged” brings out its sense in this context. Cf. TEV “inspired”; NLT “sparked the enthusiasm of”; CEV “made everyone eager to work.”
15 tn Heb “the spirit of Zerubbabel” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV).
16 tn Heb “the spirit of Joshua son of Jehozadak, the high priest” (as in many English versions), but this is subject to misunderstanding. See the note on the name “Jehozadak” at the end of v. 1.
17 tn Heb “and the spirit of all the remnant of the people.” The Hebrew phrase שְׁאֵרִית הָעָם (shÿ’erit ha’am) in this postexilic context is used as a technical term to refer to the returned remnant; see the note on the phrase “the whole remnant of the people” in v. 12.
18 tn Heb “say to”; NAB “Tell this to.”
19 tn Many English versions have “Joshua (the) son of Jehozadak the high priest,” but this is subject to misunderstanding. See the note on the name “Jehozadak” at the end of v. 1.
20 tn Heb “and take heart.” Although emphatic, the repetition of the verb is redundant in contemporary English style and has been left untranslated.
21 tn Heb “the people of the land” (עַם הָאָרֶץ, ’am ha’arets); this is a technical term referring to free citizens as opposed to slaves.
22 sn It is premature to understand the Spirit here as the Holy Spirit (the third Person of the Trinity), though the OT prepares the way for that NT revelation (cf. Gen 1:2; Exod 23:3; 31:3; Num 11:17-29; Judg 3:10; 6:34; 2 Kgs 2:9, 15, 16; Ezek 2:2; 3:12; 11:1, 5).
23 sn In context, the great mountain here must be viewed as a metaphor for the enormous task of rebuilding the temple and establishing the messianic kingdom (cf. TEV “Obstacles as great as mountains”).
24 tn The word “temple” has been supplied in the translation to clarify the referent (cf. NLT “final stone of the Temple”).
25 sn Grace is a fitting response to the idea that it was “not by strength and not by power” but by God’s gracious Spirit that the work could be done (cf. v. 6).
26 tn Heb “house” (so NAB, NRSV).
27 tn Because of the difference between Greek style, which usually begins a sentence with a conjunction, and English style, which generally does not, the conjunction δέ (de) has not been translated here.
28 sn The Greek text and the KJV read Salathiel. Most modern English translations use the OT form of the name (cf. Ezra 3:2).