Galatians 1:18

1:18 Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem ¹  to visit Cephas ²  and get information from him, ³  and I stayed with him fifteen days.

Galatians 2:11

Paul Rebukes Peter

2:11 But when Cephas ⁴  came to Antioch, ⁵  I opposed him to his face, because he had clearly done wrong. ⁶ 

Galatians 2:9

2:9 and when James, Cephas, ⁷  and John, who had a reputation as ⁸  pillars, ⁹  recognized ¹⁰  the grace that had been given to me, they gave to Barnabas and me ¹¹  the right hand of fellowship, agreeing ¹²  that we would go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. ¹³ 

Galatians 2:14

2:14 But when I saw that they were not behaving consistently with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas ¹⁴  in front of them all, “If you, although you are a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you try to force ¹⁵  the Gentiles to live like Jews?”

¹ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

² sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).

³ tn Although often translated “to get acquainted with Cephas,” this could give the impression of merely a social call. L&N 34.52 has “to visit, with the purpose of obtaining information” for the meaning of ἱστορέω (Jistorew), particularly in this verse.

⁴ sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).

⁵ map For location see JP1-F2; JP2-F2; JP3-F2; JP4-F2.

⁶ tn Grk “because he stood condemned.”

⁷ sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).

⁸ tn Or “who were influential as,” or “who were reputed to be.” See also the note on the word “influential” in 2:6.

⁹ sn Pillars is figurative here for those like James, Peter, and John who were leaders in the Jerusalem church.

¹⁰ tn The participle γνόντες (gnontes) has been taken temporally. It is structurally parallel to the participle translated “when they saw” in v. 7.

¹¹ tn Grk “me and Barnabas.”

¹² tn Grk “so,” with the ἵνα (Jina) indicating the result of the “pillars” extending the “right hand of fellowship,” but the translation “they gave…the right hand of fellowship so that we would go” could be misunderstood as purpose here. The implication of the scene is that an agreement, outlined at the end of v. 10, was reached between Paul and Barnabas on the one hand and the “pillars” of the Jerusalem church on the other.

¹³ tn Grk “to the circumcision,” a collective reference to the Jewish people.

¹⁰ sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).

¹¹ tn Here ἀναγκάζεις (anankazei") has been translated as a conative present (see ExSyn 534).