1 tn The participle ἰδόντες (idontes) has been taken temporally to retain the structure of the passage. Many modern translations, because of the length of the sentence here, translate this participle as a finite verb and break the Greek sentences into several English sentences (NIV, for example, begins new sentences at the beginning of both vv. 8 and 9).
2 tn Grk “to the uncircumcision,” that is, to the Gentiles.
3 tn Grk “to the circumcision,” a collective reference to the Jewish people.
4 tn Or “worked through”; the same word is also used in relation to Paul later in this verse.
5 tn Or “his ministry as an apostle.”
6 tn Grk “to the circumcision,” i.e., the Jewish people.
7 tn Grk “also empowered me to the Gentiles.”
7 tn Grk “but faith working through love.”
10 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.
11 sn That is, if Paul still teaches observance of the Mosaic law (preaches circumcision), why is he still being persecuted by his opponents, who insist that Gentile converts to Christianity must observe the Mosaic law?
12 sn The offense of the cross refers to the offense to Jews caused by preaching Christ crucified.
13 tn Or “nullified.”