Galatians 3:6-7

3:6 Just as Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness, ¹  3:7 so then, understand ²  that those who believe are the sons of Abraham. ³ 

Galatians 3:9

3:9 So then those who believe ⁴  are blessed along with Abraham the believer.

Galatians 3:29

3:29 And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s descendants, ⁵  heirs according to the promise.

Galatians 3:18

3:18 For if the inheritance is based on the law, it is no longer based on the promise, but God graciously gave ⁶  it to Abraham through the promise.

Galatians 4:22

4:22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the ⁷  slave woman and the other by the free woman.

Galatians 3:8

3:8 And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, proclaimed the gospel to Abraham ahead of time, ⁸  saying, “All the nations ⁹  will be blessed in you.” ¹⁰ 

Galatians 3:14

3:14 in order that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham would come to the Gentiles, ¹¹  so that we could receive the promise of the Spirit by faith.

Galatians 3:16

3:16 Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his descendant. ¹²  Scripture ¹³  does not say, “and to the descendants,” ¹⁴  referring to many, but “and to your descendant,” ¹⁵  referring to one, who is Christ.

¹ sn A quotation from Gen 15:6.

² tn Grk “know.”

³ tn The phrase “sons of Abraham” is used here in a figurative sense to describe people who are connected to a personality, Abraham, by close nonmaterial ties. It is this personality that has defined the relationship and its characteristics (BDAG 1024-25 s.v. υἱός 2.c.α).

³ tn Grk “those who are by faith,” with the Greek expression “by faith” (ἐκ πίστεως, ek pistew") the same as the expression in v. 8.

⁴ tn Grk “seed.” See the note on the first occurrence of the word “descendant” in 3:16.

⁵ tn On the translation “graciously gave” for χαρίζομαι (carizomai) see L&N 57.102.

⁶ tn Paul’s use of the Greek article here and before the phrase “free woman” presumes that both these characters are well known to the recipients of his letter. This verse is given as an example of the category called “well-known (‘celebrity’ or ‘familiar’) article” by ExSyn 225.

⁷ tn For the Greek verb προευαγγελίζομαι (proeuangelizomai) translated as “proclaim the gospel ahead of time,” compare L&N 33.216.

⁸ tn The same plural Greek word, τὰ ἔθνη (ta eqnh), can be translated as “nations” or “Gentiles.”

⁹ sn A quotation from Gen 12:3; 18:18.

⁸ tn Or “so that the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles in Christ Jesus.”

⁹ tn Grk “his seed,” a figurative extension of the meaning of σπέρμα (sperma) to refer to descendants (L&N 10.29).

¹⁰ tn Grk “It”; the referent (the scripture) has been specified in the translation for clarity. The understood subject of the verb λέγει (legei) could also be “He” (referring to God) as the one who spoke the promise to Abraham.

¹¹ tn Grk “to seeds.” See the note on “descendant” earlier in this verse. Here the term is plural; the use of the singular in the OT text cited later in this verse is crucial to Paul’s argument.

¹² tn See the note on “descendant” earlier in this verse.