Genesis 24:60

24:60 They blessed Rebekah with these words:

“Our sister, may you become the mother of thousands of ten thousands!

May your descendants possess the strongholds of their enemies.”

Jude 1:9

1:9 But even when Michael the archangel was arguing with the devil and debating with him concerning Moses’ body, he did not dare to bring a slanderous judgment, but said, “May the Lord rebuke you!”

Psalms 127:3

127:3 Yes, sons are a gift from the Lord,

the fruit of the womb is a reward.

Psalms 128:3

128:3 Your wife will be like a fruitful vine

in the inner rooms of your house;

your children 10  will be like olive branches,

as they sit all around your table.


tn Heb “and said to her.”

tn Heb “become thousands of ten thousands.”

tn Heb “gate,” which here stands for a walled city. In an ancient Near Eastern city the gate complex was the main area of defense (hence the translation “stronghold”). A similar phrase occurs in Gen 22:17.

tn The word “even” is not in Greek; it is implied by the height of the contrast.

sn According to Jewish intertestamental literature (such as 1 En. 20), Michael was one of seven archangels.

tn The sentence structure is a bit different in Greek. Literally it reads: “But Michael the archangel, when arguing with the devil and disputing.”

tn or “look.”

tn Some prefer to translate this term with the gender neutral “children,” but “sons” are plainly in view here, as the following verses make clear. Daughters are certainly wonderful additions to a family, but in ancient Israelite culture sons were the “arrows” that gave a man security in his old age, for they could defend the family interests at the city gate, where the legal and economic issues of the community were settled.

sn The metaphor of the fruitful vine pictures the wife as fertile; she will give her husband numerous children (see the next line).

10 tn One could translate “sons” (see Ps 127:3 and the note on the word “sons” there), but here the term seems to refer more generally to children of both genders.