24:14 Now 3 obey 4 the Lord and worship 5 him with integrity and loyalty. Put aside the gods your ancestors 6 worshiped 7 beyond the Euphrates 8 and in Egypt and worship 9 the Lord.
1 tn Heb “which are in your midst.”
2 sn The actions of removing false gods, becoming ritually clean, and changing garments would become necessary steps in Israel when approaching the
3 sn Joshua quotes the
4 tn Heb “fear.”
5 tn Or “and serve.”
6 tn Heb “your fathers.”
7 tn Or “served.”
8 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity; see v. 3.
9 tn Or “and serve.”
10 tn The words “Joshua said” are supplied for clarification.
11 tn Heb “bend your heart toward.” The term לֵבָב (levav, “heart”) probably here refers to the people’s volition or will.
12 tn Grk “wild waves of the sea.”
13 tn Grk “foaming, causing to foam.” The verb form is intensive and causative. BDAG 360 s.v. ἐπαφρίζω suggests the meaning “to cause to splash up like froth, cause to foam,” or, in this context, “waves casting up their own shameless deeds like (dirty) foam.”
14 tn Grk “shames, shameful things.” It is uncertain whether shameful deeds or shameful words are in view. Either way, the picture has taken a decided turn: Though waterless clouds and fruitless trees may promise good things, but deliver nothing, wild sea-waves are portents of filth spewed forth from the belly of the sea.
15 sn The imagery of a star seems to fit the nautical theme that Jude is developing. Stars were of course the guides to sailors at night, just as teachers are responsible to lead the flock through a benighted world. But false teachers, as wayward stars, are not fixed and hence offer unreliable, even disastrous guidance. They are thus both the dangerous reefs on which the ships could be destroyed and the false guides, leading them into these rocks. There is a special irony that these lights will be snuffed out, reserved for the darkest depths of eternal darkness.
16 tn Grk “utter darkness of darkness for eternity.” See note on the word “utter” in v. 6.
17 tn Grk “and.” Verse 6 is a continuation of the same sentence begun in v. 5. Due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
18 tn Grk “who did not keep their own domain.”
19 sn There is an interesting play on words used in this verse. Because the angels did not keep their proper place, Jesus has kept them chained up in another place. The same verb keep is used in v. 1 to describe believers’ status before God and Christ.
20 sn In 2 Pet 2:4 a less common word for chains is used.
21 tn The word ζόφος (zofos, “utter, deepest darkness”) is used only five times in the NT: two in 2 Peter, two in Jude, and one in Hebrews. Jude 6 parallels 2 Pet 2:4; Jude 13 parallels 2 Pet 2:17.
22 tn The words “locked up” are not in Greek, but is expressed in English as a resumptive point after the double prepositional phrase (“in eternal chains in utter darkness”).