Genesis 16:7
16:7 The Lord’s angel 1 found Hagar near a spring of water in the desert – the spring that is along the road to Shur. 2
Genesis 37:15
37:15 When Joseph reached Shechem, 3 a man found him wandering 4 in the field, so the man asked him, “What are you looking for?”
Psalms 107:4
107:4 They wandered through the wilderness on a desert road;
they found no city in which to live.
Isaiah 16:8
16:8 For the fields of Heshbon are dried up,
as well as the vines of Sibmah.
The rulers of the nations trample all over its vines,
which reach Jazer and spread to the desert;
their shoots spread out and cross the sea.
Galatians 4:23-25
4:23 But one, the son by the slave woman, was born by natural descent,
5 while the other, the son by the free woman, was born through the promise.
4:24 These things may be treated as an allegory,
6 for these women represent two covenants. One is from Mount Sinai bearing children for slavery; this is Hagar.
4:25 Now Hagar represents Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children.
1 tn Heb “the messenger of the Lord.” Some identify the angel of the Lord as the preincarnate Christ because in some texts the angel is identified with the Lord himself. However, it is more likely that the angel merely represents the Lord; he can speak for the Lord because he is sent with the Lord’s full authority. In some cases the angel is clearly distinct from the Lord (see Judg 6:11-23). It is not certain if the same angel is always in view. Though the proper name following the noun “angel” makes the construction definite, this may simply indicate that a definite angel sent from the Lord is referred to in any given context. It need not be the same angel on every occasion. Note the analogous expression “the servant of the Lord,” which refers to various individuals in the OT (see BDB 714 s.v. עֶבֶד).
2 tn Heb “And the angel of the Lord found her near the spring of water in the desert, near the spring on the way to Shur.”
3 tn Heb “and he [i.e., Joseph] went to Shechem.” The referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Heb “and a man found him and look, he was wandering in the field.” By the use of וְהִנֵּה (vÿhinneh, “and look”), the narrator invites the reader to see the action through this unnamed man’s eyes.
5 tn Grk “born according to the flesh”; BDAG 916 s.v. σάρξ 4 has “Of natural descent τὰ τέκνα τῆς σαρκός children by natural descent Ro 9:8 (opp. τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐπαγγελίας). ὁ μὲν ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης κατὰ σάρκα γεγέννηται Gal 4:23; cp. vs. 29.”
6 tn Grk “which things are spoken about allegorically.” Paul is not saying the OT account is an allegory, but rather that he is constructing an allegory based on the OT account.