10:8 Cush was the father of 10 Nimrod; he began to be a valiant warrior on the earth.
1 tn Heb “it is that which goes around.”
2 sn Cush. In the Bible the Hebrew word כּוּשׁ (kush, “Kush”) often refers to Ethiopia (so KJV, CEV), but here it must refer to a region in Mesopotamia, the area of the later Cassite dynasty of Babylon. See Gen 10:8 as well as E. A. Speiser, Genesis (AB), 20.
3 sn The descendants of Seba settled in Upper Egypt along the Nile.
4 sn The Hebrew name Havilah apparently means “stretch of sand” (see HALOT 297 s.v. חֲוִילָה). Havilah’s descendants settled in eastern Arabia.
5 sn The descendants of Sabtah settled near the western shore of the Persian Gulf in ancient Hadhramaut.
6 sn The descendants of Raamah settled in southwest Arabia.
7 sn The descendants of Sabteca settled in Samudake, east toward the Persian Gulf.
8 sn Sheba became the name of a kingdom in southwest Arabia.
9 sn The name Dedan is associated with àUla in northern Arabia.
5 tn Heb “fathered.” Embedded within Cush’s genealogy is an account of Nimrod, a mighty warrior. There have been many attempts to identify him, but none are convincing.