Genesis 31:48

31:48 Laban said, “This pile of stones is a witness of our agreement ¹  today.” That is why it was called Galeed.

Genesis 31:52

31:52 “This pile of stones and the pillar are reminders that I will not pass beyond this pile to come to harm you and that you will not pass beyond this pile and this pillar to come to harm me. ² 

Genesis 21:30

21:30 He replied, “You must take these seven ewe lambs from my hand as legal proof ³  that I dug this well.” ⁴ 

Deuteronomy 31:19

31:19 Now write down for yourselves the following song and teach it to the Israelites. Put it into their very mouths so that this song may serve as my witness against the Israelites!

Deuteronomy 31:21

31:21 Then when ⁵  many disasters and distresses overcome them ⁶  this song will testify against them, ⁷  for their ⁸  descendants will not forget it. ⁹  I know the ¹⁰  intentions they have in mind ¹¹  today, even before I bring them ¹²  to the land I have promised.”

Deuteronomy 31:26

31:26 “Take this scroll of the law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God. It will remain there as a witness against you,

Joshua 22:27

22:27 but as a reminder to us and you, ¹³  and to our descendants who follow us, that we will honor the Lord in his very presence ¹⁴  with burnt offerings, sacrifices, and tokens of peace. ¹⁵  Then in the future your descendants will not be able to say to our descendants, ‘You have no right to worship the Lord.’ ¹⁶ 

Joshua 24:25-27

24:25 That day Joshua drew up an agreement ¹⁷  for the people, and he established rules and regulations ¹⁸  for them in Shechem. 24:26 Joshua wrote these words in the Law Scroll of God. He then took a large stone and set it up there under the oak tree near the Lord’s shrine. 24:27 Joshua said to all the people, “Look, this stone will be a witness against you, for it has heard everything the Lord said to us. ¹⁹  It will be a witness against you if ²⁰  you deny your God.”

¹ tn Heb “a witness between me and you.”

² tn Heb “This pile is a witness and the pillar is a witness, if I go past this pile to you and if you go past this pile and this pillar to me for harm.”

³ tn Heb “that it be for me for a witness.”

⁴ sn This well. Since the king wanted a treaty to share in Abraham’s good fortune, Abraham used the treaty to secure ownership of and protection for the well he dug. It would be useless to make a treaty to live in this territory if he had no rights to the water. Abraham consented to the treaty, but added his rider to it.

⁵ tn Heb “Then it will come to pass that.”

⁶ tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

⁷ tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

⁸ tn Heb “his.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “their.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

⁹ tn Heb “it will not be forgotten from the mouth of his seed.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “his.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “their.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

¹¹ tn Heb “which he is doing.”

¹² tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

¹³ tn Heb “but it is a witness between us and you.”

¹⁴ tn Heb “to do the service of the Lord before him.”

¹⁵ tn Or “peace offerings.”

¹⁶ tn Heb “You have no portion in the Lord.”

¹⁷ tn Heb “cut a covenant.”

¹⁸ tn Heb “a statute and a judgment.”

¹⁹ tn Heb “all the words of the Lord which he spoke with us.”

²⁰ tn Or “lest,” “so that you might not.”