32:31 The sun rose 6 over him as he crossed over Penuel, 7 but 8 he was limping because of his hip. 32:32 That is why to this day 9 the Israelites do not eat the sinew which is attached to the socket of the hip, because he struck 10 the socket of Jacob’s hip near the attached sinew.
1 sn The name Peniel means “face of God.” Since Jacob saw God face to face here, the name is appropriate.
2 tn The word “explaining” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
3 tn Or “because.”
4 sn I have seen God face to face. See the note on the name “Peniel” earlier in the verse.
5 tn Heb “and my soul [= life] has been preserved.”
6 tn Heb “shone.”
7 sn The name is spelled Penuel here, apparently a variant spelling of Peniel (see v. 30).
8 tn The disjunctive clause draws attention to an important fact: He may have crossed the stream, but he was limping.
9 sn On the use of the expression to this day, see B. S. Childs, “A Study of the Formula ‘Until This Day’,” JBL 82 (1963): 279-92.
10 tn Or “because the socket of Jacob’s hip was struck.” Some translations render this as an impersonal passive. On the translation of the word “struck” see the note on this term in v. 25.