12:7 Endure your suffering 8 as discipline; 9 God is treating you as sons. For what son is there that a father does not discipline?
5:1 For every high priest is taken from among the people 10 and appointed 11 to represent them before God, 12 to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins.
10:8 When he says above, “Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sin-offerings you did not desire nor did you take delight in them” 18 (which are offered according to the law),
10:1 For the law possesses a shadow of the good things to come but not the reality itself, and is therefore completely unable, by the same sacrifices offered continually, year after year, to perfect those who come to worship. 24
1 tn Here “received the promises” refers to the pledges themselves, not to the things God promised.
2 tn Grk “he was offering up.” The tense of this verb indicates the attempt or readiness to sacrifice Isaac without the actual completion of the deed.
3 tn Grk “there are those who offer.”
5 tn Grk “and not that he might offer,” continuing the previous construction.
7 tn Grk “the worshipers, having been purified once for all, would have.”
9 tn Grk “this one.” This pronoun refers to Jesus, but “this priest” was used in the translation to make the contrast between the Jewish priests in v. 11 and Jesus as a priest clearer in English.
10 sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.
11 tn Grk “endure,” with the object (“your suffering”) understood from the context.
12 tn Or “in order to become disciplined.”
13 tn Grk “from among men,” but since the point in context is shared humanity (rather than shared maleness), the plural Greek term ἀνθρώπων (anqrwpwn) has been translated “people.”
14 tn Grk “who is taken from among people is appointed.”
15 tn Grk “appointed on behalf of people in reference to things relating to God.”
15 tn Grk “the second tent.”
16 tn Or perhaps “the unintentional sins of the people”; Grk “the ignorances of the people.” Cf. BDAG 13 s.v. ἀγνόημα, “sin committed in ignorance/unintentionally.” This term seems to be simply a synonym for “sins” (cf. Heb 5:2) and does not pick up the distinction made in Num 15:22-31 between unwitting sin and “high-handed” sin. The Day of Atonement ritual in Lev 16 covered all the sins of the people, not just the unwitting ones.
17 sn An allusion to Isa 53:12.
18 tn Grk “without sin,” but in context this does not refer to Christ’s sinlessness (as in Heb 4:15) but to the fact that sin is already dealt with by his first coming.
19 tn Grk “for salvation.” This may be construed with the verb “await” (those who wait for him to bring them salvation), but the connection with “appear” (as in the translation) is more likely.
19 sn Various phrases from the quotation of Ps 40:6 in Heb 10:5-6 are repeated in Heb 10:8.
21 tn Or “daily,” “every day.”
23 tn Grk “in the days of his flesh.”
24 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
25 tn Grk “who…having offered,” continuing the description of Christ from Heb 5:5-6.
25 tc The reading adopted by the translation is attested by many authorities (A D* K P 365 1739* al). But many others (א D2 0278 33 1739c 1881 Ï lat sa) read “your” instead of “our.” The diversity of evidence makes this a difficult case to decide from external evidence alone. The first and second person pronouns differ by only one letter in Greek, as in English, also making this problem difficult to decide based on internal evidence and transcriptional probability. In the context, the author’s description of sacrificial activities seems to invite the reader to compare his own possible participation in OT liturgy as over against the completed work of Christ, so the second person pronoun “your” might make more sense. On the other hand, TCGNT 599 argues that “our” is preferable because the author of Hebrews uses direct address (i.e., the second person) only in the hortatory sections. What is more, the author seems to prefer the first person in explanatory remarks or when giving the logical grounds for an assertion (cf. Heb 4:15; 7:14). It is hard to reach a definitive conclusion in this case, but the data lean slightly in favor of the first person pronoun.
27 tn Grk “those who approach.”
29 tn Or “through his sacrifice”; Grk “through which.”
30 tn Or “through his sacrifice”; Grk “through it.”