Hebrews 6:13

6:13 Now when God made his promise to Abraham, since he could swear by no one greater, he swore by himself,

Genesis 14:22

14:22 But Abram replied to the king of Sodom, “I raise my hand ¹  to the Lord, the Most High God, Creator of heaven and earth, and vow ² 

Genesis 21:23

21:23 Now swear to me right here in God’s name ³  that you will not deceive me, my children, or my descendants. ⁴  Show me, and the land ⁵  where you are staying, ⁶  the same loyalty ⁷  that I have shown you.” ⁸ 

Matthew 23:20-22

23:20 So whoever swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. 23:21 And whoever swears by the temple swears by it and the one who dwells in it. 23:22 And whoever swears by heaven swears by the throne of God and the one who sits on it.

¹ tn Abram takes an oath, raising his hand as a solemn gesture. The translation understands the perfect tense as having an instantaneous nuance: “Here and now I raise my hand.”

² tn The words “and vow” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarification.

³ tn Heb “And now swear to me by God here.”

⁴ tn Heb “my offspring and my descendants.”

⁵ tn The word “land” refers by metonymy to the people in the land.

⁶ tn The Hebrew verb means “to stay, to live, to sojourn” as a temporary resident without ownership rights.

⁷ tn Or “kindness.”

⁸ tn Heb “According to the loyalty which I have done with you, do with me and with the land in which you are staying.”