Hebrews 9:20

9:20 and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that God has commanded you to keep.” ¹ 

Hebrews 10:22

10:22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in the assurance that faith brings, ²  because we have had our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience ³  and our bodies washed in pure water.

Exodus 24:8

24:8 So Moses took the blood and splashed it on ⁴  the people and said, “This is the blood of the covenant ⁵  that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

Zechariah 9:11

9:11 Moreover, as for you, because of our covenant relationship secured with blood, I will release your prisoners from the waterless pit.

Matthew 26:28

26:28 for this is my blood, the blood ⁶  of the covenant, ⁷  that is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.

Mark 14:24

14:24 He said to them, “This is my blood, the blood ⁸  of the covenant, ⁹  that is poured out for many.

Luke 22:20

22:20 And in the same way he took ¹⁰  the cup after they had eaten, ¹¹  saying, “This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant ¹²  in my blood.

¹ tn Grk “which God commanded for you (or in your case).”

² tn Grk “in assurance of faith.”

³ sn The phrase our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience combines the OT imagery of the sprinkling with blood to give ritual purity with the emphasis on the interior cleansing provided by the new covenant: It is the heart that is cleansed and the conscience made perfect (cf. Heb 8:10; 9:9, 14; 10:2, 16).

⁴ tn Given the size of the congregation, the preposition might be rendered here “toward the people” rather than on them (all).

⁵ sn The construct relationship “the blood of the covenant” means “the blood by which the covenant is ratified” (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 254). The parallel with the inauguration of the new covenant in the blood of Christ is striking (see, e.g., Matt 26:28, 1 Cor 11:25). When Jesus was inaugurating the new covenant, he was bringing to an end the old.

⁶ tn Grk “for this is my blood of the covenant that is poured out for many.” In order to avoid confusion about which is poured out, the translation supplies “blood” twice so that the following phrase clearly modifies “blood,” not “covenant.”

⁷ tc Although most witnesses read καινῆς (kainhs, “new”) here, this is evidently motivated by the parallel in Luke 22:20. Apart from the possibility of homoioteleuton, there is no good reason for the shorter reading to have arisen later on. But since it is found in such good and diverse witnesses (e.g., Ì^37,45vid א B L Z Θ 0298^vid 33 pc mae), the likelihood of homoioteleuton becomes rather remote.

⁸ tn Grk “this is my blood of the covenant that is poured out for many.” In order to avoid confusion about which is poured out, the translation supplies “blood” twice so that the following phrase clearly modifies “blood,” not “covenant.”

⁹ tc Most mss (A Ë^1,13 Ï lat sy) have καινῆς (kainh", “new”) before διαθήκης (diaqhkh", “covenant”), a reading that is almost surely influenced by the parallel passage in Luke 22:20. Further, the construction τὸ τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης (to th" kainh" diaqhkh"), in which the resumptive article τό (referring back to τὸ αἷμα [to |aima, “the blood”]) is immediately followed by the genitive article, is nowhere else used in Mark except for constructions involving a genitive of relationship (cf. Mark 2:14; 3:17, 18; 16:1). Thus, on both transcriptional and intrinsic grounds, this reading looks to be a later addition (which may have derived from τὸ τῆς διαθήκης of D* W 2427). The most reliable mss, along with several others (א B C D^c L Θ Ψ 565), lack καινῆς. This reading is strongly preferred.

¹⁰ tn The words “he took” are not in the Greek text at this point, but are an understood repetition from v. 19.

¹¹ tn The phrase “after they had eaten” translates the temporal infinitive construction μετὰ τὸ δειπνῆσαι (meta to deipnhsai), where the verb δειπνέω (deipnew) means “to eat a meal” or “to have a meal.”

¹² sn Jesus’ death established the forgiveness promised in the new covenant of Jer 31:31. Jesus is reinterpreting the symbolism of the Passover meal, indicating the presence of a new era.