11:10 At that time 1 a root from Jesse 2 will stand like a signal flag for the nations. Nations will look to him for guidance, 3 and his residence will be majestic.
49:6 he says, “Is it too insignificant a task for you to be my servant,
to reestablish the tribes of Jacob,
and restore the remnant 9 of Israel? 10
I will make you a light to the nations, 11
so you can bring 12 my deliverance to the remote regions of the earth.”
60:11 Your gates will remain open at all times;
they will not be shut during the day or at night,
so that the wealth of nations may be delivered,
with their kings leading the way. 13
60:12 Indeed, 14 nations or kingdoms that do not serve you will perish;
such nations will be totally destroyed. 15
2:8 Ask me,
and I will give you the nations as your inheritance, 16
the ends of the earth as your personal property.
22:27 Let all the people of the earth acknowledge the Lord and turn to him! 17
Let all the nations 18 worship you! 19
72:8 May he rule 20 from sea to sea, 21
and from the Euphrates River 22 to the ends of the earth!
72:17 May his fame endure! 23
May his dynasty last as long as the sun remains in the sky! 24
May they use his name when they formulate their blessings! 25
May all nations consider him to be favored by God! 26
72:18 The Lord God, the God of Israel, deserves praise! 27
He alone accomplishes amazing things! 28
72:19 His glorious name deserves praise 29 forevermore!
May his majestic splendor 30 fill the whole earth!
We agree! We agree! 31
86:9 All the nations, whom you created,
will come and worship you, 32 O Lord.
They will honor your name.
11:15 Then 37 the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven saying:
“The kingdom of the world
has become the kingdom of our Lord
and of his Christ, 38
and he will reign for ever and ever.”
1 tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
2 sn See the note at v. 1.
3 tn Heb “ a root from Jesse, which stands for a signal flag of the nations, of him nations will inquire” [or “seek”].
4 tn Heb “and it will be in that day.” The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
5 tn Traditionally, “great” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NLT); CEV “loud.”
6 tn Or “the ones perishing.”
7 tn Or “the ones driven into.”
8 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
9 tn Heb “the protected [or “preserved”] ones.”
10 sn The question is purely rhetorical; it does not imply that the servant was dissatisfied with his commission or that he minimized the restoration of Israel.
11 tn See the note at 42:6.
12 tn Heb “be” (so KJV, ASV); CEV “you must take.”
13 tn Or “led in procession.” The participle is passive.
14 tn Or “For” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); TEV “But.”
15 tn The infinitive absolute appears before the finite verb for emphasis.
16 sn I will give you the nations. The
17 tn Heb “may all the ends of the earth remember and turn to the
18 tn Heb “families of the nations.”
19 tn Heb “before you.”
20 tn The prefixed verbal form is a (shortened) jussive form, indicating this is a prayer of blessing.
21 sn From sea to sea. This may mean from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the Dead Sea in the east. See Amos 8:12. The language of this and the following line also appears in Zech 9:10.
22 tn Heb “the river,” a reference to the Euphrates.
23 tn Heb “may his name [be] permanent.” The prefixed verbal form is jussive, not imperfect.
24 tn Heb “before the sun may his name increase.” The Kethib (consonantal text) assumes יָנִין (yanin; a Hiphil of the verbal root נִין, nin) or יְנַיֵן (yÿnayen; a Piel form), while the Qere (marginal reading) assumes יִנּוֹן (yinnon; a Niphal form). The verb נִין occurs only here, though a derived noun, meaning “offspring,” appears elsewhere (see Isa 14:22). The verb appears to mean “propagate, increase” (BDB 630 s.v. נוּן, נִין) or “produce shoots, get descendants” (HALOT 696 s.v. נין). In this context this appears to be a prayer for a lasting dynasty that will keep the king’s name and memory alive.
25 tn Heb “may they bless one another by him,” that is, use the king’s name in their blessing formulae because he is a prime example of one blessed by God (for examples of such blessing formulae, see Gen 48:20 and Ruth 4:11). There is some debate on whether the Hitpael form of בָּרַךְ (barakh, “bless”) is reflexive-reciprocal (as assumed in the present translation) or passive. The Hitpael of בָּרַךְ occurs in five other passages, including the hotly debated Gen 22:18 and 26:4. In these two texts one could understand the verb form as passive and translate, “all the nations of the earth will be blessed through your offspring,” or one could take the Hitpael as reflexive or reciprocal and translate, “all the nations of the earth will pronounce blessings [i.e., on themselves or one another] by your offspring.” In the first instance Abraham’s (or Isaac’s) offspring are viewed as a channel of divine blessing. In the second instance they are viewed as a prime example of blessing that will appear as part of the nations’ blessing formulae, but not necessarily as a channel of blessing to the nations. In Deut 29:18 one reads: “When one hears the words of this covenant [or “oath”] and invokes a blessing on himself (Hitpael of בָּרַךְ) in his heart, saying: ‘I will have peace, even though I walk with a rebellious heart.’” In this case the Hitpael is clearly reflexive, as the phrases “in his heart” and “I will have peace” indicate. The Hitpael of בָּרַךְ appears twice in Isaiah 65:16: “The one who invokes a blessing on himself (see Deut 9:18) in the land will invoke that blessing by the God of truth; and the one who makes an oath in the land will make that oath by the God of truth.” A passive nuance does not fit here. The parallel line, which mentions making an oath, suggests that the Hitpael of בָּרַךְ refers here to invoking a blessing. Both pronouncements of blessing and oaths will appeal to God as the one who rewards and judges, respectively. Jer 4:2 states: “If you swear, ‘As surely as the
26 tn Heb “all the nations, may they regard him as happy.” The Piel is used here in a delocutive sense (“regard as”).
27 tn Heb “[be] blessed.” See Pss 18:46; 28:6; 31:21; 41:13.
28 tn Heb “[the] one who does amazing things by himself.”
29 tn Heb “[be] blessed.”
30 tn Or “glory.”
31 tn Heb “surely and surely” (אָמֵן וְאָמֵן [’amen vÿ’amen], i.e., “Amen and amen”). This is probably a congregational response of agreement to the immediately preceding statement about the propriety of praising God.
32 tn Or “bow down before you.”
33 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
34 tn Heb “will gather to the name of the
35 tn Heb “the stubbornness of their evil hearts.”
36 tn Heb “will be” (so NAB, NRSV); TEV “your land will be a good place to live in.”
37 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
38 tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”