Isaiah 19:4-6

19:4 I will hand Egypt over to a harsh master;

a powerful king will rule over them,”

says the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies.

19:5 The water of the sea will be dried up,

and the river will dry up and be empty.

19:6 The canals will stink;

the streams of Egypt will trickle and then dry up;

the bulrushes and reeds will decay,


tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

tn Heb “will dry up and be dry.” Two synonyms are joined for emphasis.

tn Heb “rivers” (so KJV, ASV); NAB, CEV “streams”; TEV “channels.”

tn The verb form appears as a Hiphil in the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa; the form in MT may be a so-called “mixed form,” reflecting the Hebrew Hiphil stem and the functionally corresponding Aramaic Aphel stem. See HALOT 276 s.v. I זנח.