34:9 Edom’s 1 streams will be turned into pitch
and her soil into brimstone;
her land will become burning pitch.
25:41 “Then he will say 8 to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you accursed, into the eternal fire that has been prepared for the devil and his angels!
1:8 Now 36 while Zechariah 37 was serving as priest before God when his division was on duty, 38
1 tn Heb “her”; the referent (Edom) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
2 tn Heb “for their worm will not die.”
3 tn Heb “and their fire will not be extinguished.”
4 tn Heb “and they will be an abhorrence to all flesh.”
5 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
6 sn In Greek there is a wordplay that is difficult to reproduce in English here. The verb translated “causes…to sin” (σκανδαλίζω, skandalizw) comes from the same root as the word translated “stumbling blocks” (σκάνδαλον, skandalon) in the previous verse.
7 tn Grk “than having.”
8 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
9 tn Grk “than having.”
10 sn The word translated hell is “Gehenna” (γέεννα, geenna), a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew words ge hinnom (“Valley of Hinnom”). This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5-6; 32:35), and it came to be used as a place where human excrement and rubbish were disposed of and burned. In the intertestamental period, it came to be used symbolically as the place of divine punishment (cf. 1 En. 27:2, 90:26; 4 Ezra 7:36). This Greek term also occurs in vv. 45, 47.
11 tc Most later
12 tn Grk “than having.”
13 tc See tc note at the end of v. 43.
14 tn Grk “throw it out.”
15 tn Grk “than having.”
16 tc The earliest
17 sn The Greek term Hades stands for the Hebrew concept of Sheol. It is what is called hell today. This is where the dead were gathered (Ps 16:10; 86:13). In the NT Hades has an additional negative force of awaiting judgment (Rev 20:13).
18 sn Hades is a place of torment, especially as one knows that he is separated from God.
19 tn Grk “he lifted up his eyes” (an idiom).
20 tn Grk “in his bosom,” the same phrase used in 16:22. This idiom refers to heaven and/or participation in the eschatological banquet. An appropriate modern equivalent is “at Abraham’s side.”
21 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of previous actions in the narrative.
22 tn Grk “calling out he said”; this is redundant in contemporary English style and has been simplified to “he called out.”
23 sn The rich man had not helped Lazarus before, when he lay outside his gate (v. 2), but he knew him well enough to know his name. This is why the use of the name Lazarus in the parable is significant. (The rich man’s name, on the other hand, is not mentioned, because it is not significant for the point of the story.)
24 sn The dipping of the tip of his finger in water is evocative of thirst. The thirsty are in need of God’s presence (Ps 42:1-2; Isa 5:13). The imagery suggests the rich man is now separated from the presence of God.
25 tn Or “in terrible pain” (L&N 24.92).
26 sn Fire in this context is OT imagery; see Isa 66:24.
27 tn The Greek term here is τέκνον (teknon), which could be understood as a term of endearment.
28 tn Or “in terrible pain” (L&N 24.92). Here is the reversal Jesus mentioned in Luke 6:20-26.
29 tn Grk “And in all these things.” There is no way Lazarus could carry out this request even if divine justice were not involved.
30 sn The great chasm between heaven and hell is impassable forever. The rich man’s former status meant nothing now.
31 tn Grk “between us and you.”
32 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the reports the man received about his manager.
33 tn Grk “him”; the referent (the manager) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
34 sn Although phrased as a question, the charges were believed by the owner, as his dismissal of the manager implies.
35 tn Or “stewardship”; the Greek word οἰκονομία (oikonomia) is cognate with the noun for the manager (οἰκονόμος, oikonomo").
36 tn Grk “Now it happened that.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
37 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Zechariah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
38 tn Grk “serving as priest in the order of his division before God.”
39 tn Grk “he himself.”
40 tn The Greek word for “anger” here is θυμός (qumos), a wordplay on the “passion” (θυμός) of the personified city of Babylon in 14:8.
41 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”
42 tn Or “misled.”
43 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”
44 tn The verb in this clause is elided. In keeping with the previous past tenses some translations supply a past tense verb here (“were”), but in view of the future tense that follows (“they will be tormented”), a present tense verb was used to provide a transition from the previous past tense to the future tense that follows.