Isaiah 40:13

40:13 Who comprehends the mind of the Lord,

or gives him instruction as his counselor?

Isaiah 40:12

The Lord is Incomparable

40:12 Who has measured out the waters in the hollow of his hand,

or carefully measured the sky,

or carefully weighed the soil of the earth,

or weighed the mountains in a balance,

or the hills on scales?


tn Perhaps the verb is used metonymically here in the sense of “advises” (note the following line).

tn In this context רוּחַ (ruakh) likely refers to the Lord’s “mind,” or mental faculties, rather than his personal Spirit (see BDB 925 s.v.).

tn Heb “or [as] the man of his counsel causes him to know?”

tn The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa has מי ים (“waters of the sea”), a reading followed by NAB.

tn Heb “with a span.” A “span” was the distance between the ends of the thumb and the little finger of the spread hand” (BDB 285 s.v. זֶרֶת).

tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

tn Heb “or weighed by a third part [of a measure].”

sn The implied answer to the rhetorical questions of v. 12 is “no one but the Lord. The Lord, and no other, created the world. Like a merchant weighing out silver or commodities on a scale, the Lord established the various components of the physical universe in precise proportions.