Isaiah 41:18

41:18 I will make streams flow down the slopes

and produce springs in the middle of the valleys.

I will turn the desert into a pool of water

and the arid land into springs.

Isaiah 48:21-22

48:21 They do not thirst as he leads them through dry regions;

he makes water flow out of a rock for them;

he splits open a rock and water flows out.’ ¹ 

48:22 There will be no prosperity for the wicked,” says the Lord.

Exodus 17:6

17:6 I will be standing ²  before you there on ³  the rock in Horeb, and you will strike ⁴  the rock, and water will come out of it so that the people may drink.” ⁵  And Moses did so in plain view ⁶  of the elders of Israel.

Numbers 20:11

20:11 Then Moses raised his hand, and struck the rock twice with his staff. And water came out abundantly. So the community drank, and their beasts drank too.

Deuteronomy 8:15

8:15 and who brought you through the great, fearful desert of venomous serpents ⁷  and scorpions, an arid place with no water. He made water flow ⁸  from a flint rock and

Psalms 78:16-20

78:16 He caused streams to flow from the rock,

and made the water flow like rivers.

78:17 Yet they continued to sin against him,

and rebelled against the sovereign One ⁹  in the desert.

78:18 They willfully challenged God ¹⁰ 

by asking for food to satisfy their appetite.

78:19 They insulted God, saying, ¹¹ 

“Is God really able to give us food ¹²  in the wilderness?

78:20 Yes, ¹³  he struck a rock and water flowed out,

streams gushed forth.

But can he also give us food?

Will he provide meat for his people?”

Psalms 105:41

105:41 He opened up a rock and water flowed out;

a river ran through dry regions.

¹ sn The translation above (present tense) assumes that this verse describes God’s provision for returning Babylonian exiles (see v. 20; 35:6; 49:10) in terms reminiscent of the Exodus from Egypt (see Exod 17:6).

² tn The construction uses הִנְנִי עֹמֵד (hinni ’omed) to express the futur instans or imminent future of the verb: “I am going to be standing.”

³ tn Or “by” (NIV, NLT).

⁴ tn The form is a Hiphil perfect with the vav (ו) consecutive; it follows the future nuance of the participle and so is equivalent to an imperfect tense nuance of instruction.

⁵ tn These two verbs are also perfect tenses with vav (ו) consecutive: “and [water] will go out…and [the people] will drink.” But the second verb is clearly the intent or the result of the water gushing from the rock, and so it may be subordinated.

⁶ tn Heb “in the eyes of.”

⁷ tn Heb “flaming serpents”; KJV, NASB “fiery serpents”; NAB “saraph serpents.” This figure of speech (metonymy) probably describes the venomous and painful results of snakebite. The feeling from such an experience would be like a burning fire (שָׂרָף, saraf).

⁸ tn Heb “the one who brought out for you water.” In the Hebrew text this continues the preceding sentence, but the translation begins a new sentence here for stylistic reasons.

⁹ tn Heb “rebelling [against] the Most High.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “and they tested God in their heart.” The “heart” is viewed here as the center of their volition.

¹¹ tn Heb “they spoke against God, they said.”

¹² tn Heb “to arrange a table [for food].”

¹³ tn Heb “look.”