45:2 “I will go before you
and level mountains. 1
Bronze doors I will shatter
and iron bars 2 I will hack through.
63:1 Who is this who comes from Edom, 3
dressed in bright red, coming from Bozrah? 4
Who 5 is this one wearing royal attire, 6
who marches confidently 7 because of his great strength?
“It is I, the one who announces vindication,
and who is able to deliver!” 8
1 tc The form הֲדוּרִים (hadurim) makes little, if any, sense here. It is probably a corruption of an original הָרָרִים (hararim, “mountains”), the reduplicated form of הָר (har, “mountain”).
2 tn That is, on the gates. Cf. CEV “break the iron bars on bronze gates.”
3 sn Edom is here an archetype for the Lord’s enemies. See 34:5.
4 tn Heb “[in] bright red garments, from Bozrah.”
5 tn The interrogative particle is understood by ellipsis; note the first line of the verse.
6 tn Heb “honored in his clothing”; KJV, ASV “glorious in his apparel.”
7 tc The Hebrew text has צָעָה (tsa’ah), which means “stoop, bend” (51:14). The translation assumes an emendation to צָעַד (tsa’ad, “march”; see BDB 858 s.v. צָעָה).
8 tn Heb “I, [the one] speaking in vindication [or “righteousness”], great to deliver.”