5:3 So now, residents of Jerusalem, 1
people 2 of Judah,
you decide between me and my vineyard!
10:32 This very day, standing in Nob,
they shake their fist at Daughter Zion’s mountain 3 –
at the hill of Jerusalem.
31:5 Just as birds hover over a nest, 4
so the Lord who commands armies will protect Jerusalem. 5
He will protect and deliver it;
as he passes over 6 he will rescue it.
52:2 Shake off the dirt! 7
Get up, captive 8 Jerusalem!
Take off the iron chains around your neck,
O captive daughter Zion!
62:7 Don’t allow him to rest until he reestablishes Jerusalem, 9
until he makes Jerusalem the pride 10 of the earth.
64:10 Your chosen 11 cities have become a desert;
Zion has become a desert,
Jerusalem 12 is a desolate ruin.
1 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
2 tn Heb “men,” but in a generic sense.
3 tc The consonantal text (Kethib) has “a mountain of a house (בֵּית, bet), Zion,” but the marginal reading (Qere) correctly reads “the mountain of the daughter (בַּת, bat) of Zion.” On the phrase “Daughter Zion,” see the note on the same phrase in 1:8.
5 tn Heb “just as birds fly.” The words “over a nest” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
6 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
7 tn The only other occurrence of this verb is in Exod 12:13, 23, 27, where the Lord “passes over” (i.e., “spares”) the Israelite households as he comes to judge their Egyptian oppressors. The noun פֶּסַח (pesakh, “Passover”) is derived from the verb. The use of the verb in Isa 31:5 is probably an intentional echo of the Exodus event. As in the days of Moses the Lord will spare his people as he comes to judge their enemies.
7 tn Heb “Shake yourself free from the dirt.”
8 tc The Hebrew text has שְּׂבִי (shÿvi), which some understand as a feminine singular imperative from יָשַׁב (yashav, “sit”). The LXX, Vulgate, Syriac, and the Targum support the MT reading (the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa does indirectly). Some interpret this to mean “take your throne”: The Lord exhorts Jerusalem to get up from the dirt and sit, probably with the idea of sitting in a place of honor (J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah [NICOT], 2:361). However, the form is likely a corruption of שְׁבִיָּה (shÿviyyah, “captive”), which appears in the parallel line.
9 tn “Jerusalem” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons; note the following line.
10 tn Heb “[the object of] praise.”
11 tn Heb “holy” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV, NLT); NIV “sacred.”
12 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.