Judges 1:3-4

1:3 The men of Judah said to their relatives, the men of Simeon,¹ “Invade our allotted land with us and help us attack the Canaanites.² Then we³ will go with you into your allotted land.” So the men of Simeon went with them.

1:4 The men of Judah attacked,⁴ and the Lord handed the Canaanites and Perizzites over to them. They killed ten thousand men at Bezek.

Judges 1:8

1:8 The men of Judah attacked Jerusalem and captured it. They put the sword to it and set the city on fire.

Judges 1:10

1:10 The men of Judah attacked the Canaanites living in Hebron. (Hebron used to be called Kiriath Arba.) They killed Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai.

Judges 1:17-19

1:17 The men of Judah went with their brothers the men of Simeon⁵ and defeated the Canaanites living in Zephath. They wiped out Zephath.⁶ So people now call the city Hormah.⁷ 1:18 The men of Judah captured Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron, and the territory surrounding each of these cities.⁸

1:19 The Lord was with the men of Judah. They conquered⁹ the hill country, but they could not¹⁰ conquer the people living in the coastal plain, because they had chariots with iron-rimmed wheels.¹¹

Judges 10:9

10:9 The Ammonites crossed the Jordan to fight with Judah, Benjamin, and Ephraim.¹² Israel suffered greatly.¹³

Judges 15:10

15:10 The men of Judah said, “Why are you attacking¹⁴ us?” The Philistines¹⁵ said, “We have come up to take Samson prisoner so we can do to him what he has done to us.”

Judges 17:8-9

17:8 This man left the town of Bethlehem in Judah to find another place to live. He came to the Ephraimite hill country and made his way to Micah’s house.¹⁶ 17:9 Micah said to him, “Where do you come from?” He replied, “I am a Levite from Bethlehem in Judah. I am looking for a new place to live.”¹⁷

Judges 19:2

19:2 However, she¹⁸ got angry at him¹⁹ and went home²⁰ to her father’s house in Bethlehem in Judah. When she had been there four months,

¹tn Heb “Judah said to Simeon, his brother.”

²tn Heb “Come up with me into our allotted land and let us attack the Canaanites.”

³tn Heb “I.” The Hebrew pronoun is singular, agreeing with the collective singular “Judah” earlier in the verse. English style requires a plural pronoun here, however.

⁴tn Heb “Judah went up.”

⁷tn Heb “Judah went with Simeon, his brother.”

⁸tn Heb “it”; the referent (the city of Zephath) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁹sn The name Hormah (חָרְמָה, khormah) sounds like the Hebrew verb translated “wipe out” (חָרַם, kharam).

¹⁰tn Heb “The men of Judah captured Gaza and its surrounding territory, Ashkelon and its surrounding territory, and Ekron and its surrounding territory.”

¹³tn Or “seized possession of”; or “occupied.”

¹⁴tc Several textual witnesses support the inclusion of this verb.

¹⁵tn Regarding the translation “chariots with iron-rimmed wheels,” see Y. Yadin, The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands, 255, and the article by R. Drews, “The ‘Chariots of Iron’ of Joshua and Judges,” JSOT 45 (1989): 15-23.

¹⁶tn Heb “the house of Ephraim.”

¹⁷tn Or “Israel experienced great distress.” Perhaps here the verb has the nuance “hemmed in.”

¹⁹tn Or “come up against.”

²⁰tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Philistines) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

²²tn Heb “He came to the Ephraimite hill country, to Micah’s house, making his way.”

²⁵tn Heb “And I am going to reside in a place I can find.”

²⁸tn Heb “and his concubine.” The pronoun (“she”) has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

²⁹tn Or “was unfaithful to him.” Many have understood the Hebrew verb וַתִּזְנֶה (vattizneh) as being from זָנָה (zanah, “to be a prostitute”), but it may be derived from a root meaning “to be angry; to hate” attested in Akkadian (see HALOT 275 s.v. II זנה).

³⁰tn Heb “went from him.”