2:4 When the Lord’s messenger finished speaking these words to all the Israelites, the people wept loudly. 1 2:5 They named that place Bokim 2 and offered sacrifices to the Lord there.
2:6 When Joshua dismissed 3 the people, the Israelites went to their allotted portions of territory, 4 intending to take possession of the land. 2:7 The people worshiped 5 the Lord throughout Joshua’s lifetime and as long as the elderly men 6 who outlived him remained alive. These men had witnessed 7 all the great things the Lord had done for Israel. 8 2:8 Joshua son of Nun, the Lord’s servant, died at the age of one hundred ten. 2:9 The people 9 buried him in his allotted land 10 in Timnath Heres in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 2:10 That entire generation passed away; 11 a new generation grew up 12 that had not personally experienced the Lord’s presence or seen what he had done for Israel. 13
2:11 The Israelites did evil before 14 the Lord by worshiping 15 the Baals. 2:12 They abandoned the Lord God of their ancestors 16 who brought them out of the land of Egypt. They followed other gods – the gods of the nations who lived around them. They worshiped 17 them and made the Lord angry. 2:13 They abandoned the Lord and worshiped Baal and the Ashtars. 18
2:14 The Lord was furious with Israel 19 and handed them over to robbers who plundered them. 20 He turned them over to 21 their enemies who lived around them. They could not withstand their enemies’ attacks. 22 2:15 Whenever they went out to fight, 23 the Lord did them harm, 24 just as he had warned and solemnly vowed he would do. 25 They suffered greatly. 26
2:16 The Lord raised up leaders 27 who delivered them from these robbers. 28 2:17 But they did not obey 29 their leaders. Instead they prostituted themselves to other gods and worshiped 30 them. They quickly turned aside from the path 31 their ancestors 32 had walked. Their ancestors had obeyed the Lord’s commands, but they did not. 33 2:18 When the Lord raised up leaders for them, the Lord was with each leader and delivered the people 34 from their enemies while the leader remained alive. The Lord felt sorry for them 35 when they cried out in agony because of what their harsh oppressors did to them. 36 2:19 When a leader died, the next generation 37 would again 38 act more wickedly than the previous one. 39 They would follow after other gods, worshiping them 40 and bowing down to them. They did not give up 41 their practices or their stubborn ways.
2:20 The Lord was furious with Israel. 42 He said, “This nation 43 has violated the terms of the agreement I made with their ancestors 44 by disobeying me. 45 2:21 So I will no longer remove before them any of the nations that Joshua left unconquered when he died. 2:22 Joshua left those nations 46 to test 47 Israel. I wanted to see 48 whether or not the people 49 would carefully walk in the path 50 marked out by 51 the Lord, as their ancestors 52 were careful to do.” 2:23 This is why 53 the Lord permitted these nations to remain and did not conquer them immediately; 54 he did not hand them over to Joshua.
1 tn Heb “lifted their voices and wept.”
2 sn Bokim means “weeping ones” and is derived from the Hebrew verb בָּכָא (bakha’, “to weep”).
3 tn Or “sent away.”
4 tn Heb “the Israelites went each to his inheritance.”
5 tn Or “served”; or “followed.”
6 tn Or perhaps “elders,” which could be interpreted to mean “leaders.”
7 tn Heb “all the days of Joshua and all the days of the old men who outlived him, who had seen.”
8 tn Heb “the great work of the
9 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the people) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
10 tn Heb “in the territory of his inheritance.”
11 tn Heb “All that generation were gathered to their fathers.”
12 tn Heb “arose after them.”
13 tn Heb “that did not know the
14 tn Heb “in the eyes of.”
15 tn Or “serving”; or “following.”
16 tn Or “fathers.”
17 tn Or “bowed before” (the same expression occurs in the following verse).
18 tn Some English translations simply transliterate the plural Hebrew term (“Ashtaroth,” cf. NAB, NASB), pluralize the transliterated Hebrew singular form (“Ashtoreths,” cf. NIV), or use a variation of the name (“Astartes,” cf. NRSV).
19 tn Or “The
20 tn Heb “robbers who robbed them.” (The verb שָׁסָה [shasah] appears twice in the verse.)
21 tn Heb “sold them into the hands of.”
22 tn The word “attacks” is supplied in the translation both for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
23 tn The expression “to fight” is interpretive.
24 tn Heb “the
25 tn Heb “just as he had said and just as he had sworn to them.”
26 tn Or “they experienced great distress.”
27 tn Or more traditionally, “judges” (also in vv. 17, 18 [3x], 19). Since these figures carried out more than a judicial function, also serving as rulers and (in several instances) as military commanders, the translation uses the term “leaders.”
28 tn Heb “and they delivered them from the hand of the ones robbing them.”
29 tn Or “did not listen to.”
30 tn Or “bowed before.”
31 tn Or “way [of life].”
32 tn Or “fathers.”
33 tn Heb “…walked, obeying the
34 tn Heb “them”; the referent (the people) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
35 tn The phrase “for them” is supplied in the translation for clarity.
36 tn Heb “the ones oppressing them and afflicting them.” The synonyms “oppressing” and “afflicting” are joined together in the translation as “harsh oppressors” to emphasize the cruel character of their enemies.
37 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the next generation) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
38 tn The verb שׁוּב (shuv, “to return; to turn”) is sometimes translated “turn back” here, but it is probably used in an adverbial sense, indicating that the main action (“act wickedly”) is being repeated.
39 tn Heb “their fathers.”
40 tn Or “serving [them]”; or “following [them].”
41 tn Or “drop.”
42 tn Or “The
43 tn Heb “Because this nation.”
44 tn Heb “my covenant which I commanded their fathers.”
45 tn Heb “and has not listened to my voice.” The expression “to not listen to [God’s] voice” is idiomatic here for disobeying him.
46 tn The words “Joshua left those nations” are interpretive. The Hebrew text of v. 22 simply begins with “to test.” Some subordinate this phrase to “I will no longer remove” (v. 21). In this case the
47 tn The Hebrew text includes the phrase “by them,” but this is somewhat redundant in English and has been omitted from the translation for stylistic reasons.
48 tn The words “I [i.e., the
49 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the people) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
50 tn Or “way [of life].”
51 tn “The words “marked out by” are interpretive.
52 tn Or “fathers.”
53 tn The words “this is why” are interpretive.
54 tn Or “quickly.”