Judges 20:6

20:6 I grabbed hold of my concubine and carved her up and sent the pieces ¹  throughout the territory occupied by Israel, ²  because they committed such an unthinkable atrocity ³  in Israel.

Genesis 34:7

34:7 Now Jacob’s sons had come in from the field when they heard the news. ⁴  They ⁵  were offended ⁶  and very angry because Shechem ⁷  had disgraced Israel ⁸  by sexually assaulting ⁹  Jacob’s daughter, a crime that should not be committed. ¹⁰ 

Joshua 7:15

7:15 The one caught with the riches ¹¹  must be burned up ¹²  along with all who belong to him, because he violated the Lord’s covenant and did such a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”

Joshua 7:2

7:2 Joshua sent men from Jericho ¹³  to Ai (which is located near Beth Aven, east of Bethel ¹⁴ ) and instructed them, “Go up and spy on the land.” So the men went up and spied on Ai.

Joshua 13:12

13:12 the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who ruled in Ashtaroth and Edrei. (He was one of the few remaining Rephaites.) ¹⁵  Moses defeated them and took their lands. ¹⁶ 

¹ tn Heb “her”; the referent is more naturally stated in English as “the pieces.”

² tn Heb “throughout all the territory of the inheritance of Israel.”

³ tn Heb “a wicked and disgraceful [thing].”

⁴ tn Heb “when they heard.” The words “the news” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

⁵ tn Heb “the men.” This sounds as if a new group has been introduced into the narrative, so it has been translated as “they” to indicate that it refers to Jacob’s sons, mentioned in the first part of the verse.

⁶ tn The Hebrew verb עָצַב (’atsav) can carry one of three semantic nuances depending on the context: (1) “to be injured” (Ps 56:5; Eccl 10:9; 1 Chr 4:10); (2) “to experience emotional pain; to be depressed emotionally; to be worried” (2 Sam 19:2; Isa 54:6; Neh 8:10-11); (3) “to be embarrassed; to be insulted; to be offended” (to the point of anger at another or oneself; Gen 6:6; 45:5; 1 Sam 20:3, 34; 1 Kgs 1:6; Isa 63:10; Ps 78:40). This third category develops from the second by metonymy. In certain contexts emotional pain leads to embarrassment and/or anger. In this last use the subject sometimes directs his anger against the source of grief (see especially Gen 6:6). The third category fits best in Gen 34:7 because Jacob’s sons were not merely wounded emotionally. On the contrary, Shechem’s action prompted them to strike out in judgment against the source of their distress.

⁷ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Shechem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁸ tn Heb “a disgraceful thing he did against Israel.”

⁹ tn Heb “by lying with the daughter of Jacob.” The infinitive here explains the preceding verb, indicating exactly how he had disgraced Jacob. The expression “to lie with” is a euphemism for sexual relations, or in this case, sexual assault.

¹⁰ tn Heb “and so it should not be done.” The negated imperfect has an obligatory nuance here, but there is also a generalizing tone. The narrator emphasizes that this particular type of crime (sexual assault) is especially reprehensible.

¹¹ tn Heb “with what was set apart [to the Lord].”

¹² tn Heb “burned with fire.”

¹³ map For location see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1.

¹⁴ map For the location of Bethel see Map4-G4; Map5-C1; Map6-E3; Map7-D1; Map8-G3.

¹⁵ tn Heb “from the remnant of the Rephaites.”

¹⁶ tn Or “dispossessed them.”