1 sn See Isa 28:4; Hos 9:10.
2 tn Heb “the land of the Chaldeans.” See the study note on 21:4.
3 tn Heb “But thus says the
4 tn The words “of Jerusalem” are not in the text but are supplied in the translation to identify the referent and avoid the possible confusion that “this city” refers to Babylon.
5 tn Heb “Yahweh of armies.” See the study note on 2:19 for explanation of this title.
6 tn Heb “the sword.”
7 tn The meaning of this word is somewhat uncertain. It occurs only here in the Hebrew Bible. BDB 1045 s.v. שֹׁעָר relates it to the noun “horrible thing” (translated “something shocking”) in Jer 5:30; 23:14 and defines it as “horrid, disgusting.” HALOT 1495 s.v. שֹׁעָר relates it to the same noun and define it as “rotten; corrupt.” That nuance is accepted here.
8 tn Heb “with the sword.”