52:1 1 Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he ruled in Jerusalem 2 for eleven years. His mother’s name was Hamutal 3 daughter of Jeremiah, from Libnah. 52:2 He did what displeased the Lord 4 just as Jehoiakim had done.
52:3 What follows is a record of what happened to Jerusalem and Judah because of the Lord’s anger when he drove them out of his sight. 5 Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon. 52:4 King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with his whole army and set up camp outside it. 6 They built siege ramps all around it. He arrived on the tenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year that Zedekiah ruled over Judah. 7 52:5 The city remained under siege until Zedekiah’s eleventh year. 52:6 By the ninth day of the fourth month 8 the famine in the city was so severe the residents 9 had no food. 52:7 They broke through the city walls, and all the soldiers tried to escape. They left the city during the night. They went through the gate between the two walls that is near the king’s garden. 10 (The Babylonians had the city surrounded.) Then they headed for the Jordan Valley. 11
1 sn This final chapter does not mention Jeremiah, but its description of the downfall of Jerusalem and exile of the people validates the prophet’s ministry.
2 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
3 tn Some textual witnesses support the Kethib (consonantal text) in reading “Hamital.”
4 tn Heb “what was evil in the eyes of the
5 tn Heb “Surely (or “for”) because of the anger of the
6 tn Or “against.”
7 sn This would have been January 15, 588
8 sn According to modern reckoning that would have been July 18, 586
9 tn Heb “the people of the land.”
10 sn The king’s garden is mentioned again in Neh 3:15 in conjunction with the pool of Siloam and the stairs that go down from the city of David. This would have been in the southern part of the city near the Tyropean Valley which agrees with the reference to the “two walls” which were probably the walls on the eastern and western hills.
11 sn Heb “toward the Arabah.” The Arabah was the rift valley north and south of the Dead Sea. Here the intention was undoubtedly to escape across the Jordan to Moab or Ammon. It appears from 40:14; 41:15 that the Ammonites were known to harbor fugitives from the Babylonians.