Job 30:30

30:30 My skin has turned dark on me; ¹ 

my body ²  is hot with fever. ³ 

Jeremiah 8:21

8:21 My heart is crushed because my dear people ⁴  are being crushed. ⁵ 

I go about crying and grieving. I am overwhelmed with dismay. ⁶ 

Lamentations 4:8

ח (Khet)

4:8 Now their appearance ⁷  is darker than soot;

they are not recognized in the streets.

Their skin has shriveled on their bones;

it is dried up, like tree bark.

Mark 4:6

4:6 When the sun came up it was scorched, and because it did not have sufficient root, ⁸  it withered.

Acts 14:22

14:22 They strengthened ⁹  the souls of the disciples and encouraged them to continue ¹⁰  in the faith, saying, “We must enter the kingdom ¹¹  of God through many persecutions.” ¹² 

¹ tn The MT has “become dark from upon me,” prompting some editions to supply the verb “falls from me” (RSV, NRSV), or “peels” (NIV).

² tn The word “my bones” may be taken as a metonymy of subject, the bony framework indicating the whole body.

³ tn The word חֹרֶב (khorev) also means “heat.” The heat in this line is not that of the sun, but obviously a fever.

⁴ tn Heb “daughter of my people.” For the translation given here see 4:11 and the note on the phrase “dear people” there.

⁵ tn Heb “Because of the crushing of the daughter of my people I am crushed.”

⁶ tn Heb “I go about in black [i.e., mourning clothes]. Dismay has seized me.”

⁷ tn Heb “their outline” or “their form.” The Hebrew noun תֹּאַר (to’ar, “outline, form”) is related to the Phoenician noun תֹּאַר (to’ar, “something gazed at”), and Aramaic verb תָּאַר (ta’ar, “to gaze at”). It is used in reference to the form of a woman (Gen 29:17; Deut 21:11; 1 Sam 25:3; Esth 2:7) and of a man (Gen 39:11; Judg 8:18; 1 Sam 16:18; 28:14; 1 Kgs 1:6; 1 Chr 17:17; Isa 52:14; 53:2). Here it is used in a metonymical sense: “appearance.”

⁸ tn Grk “it did not have root.”

⁹ tn Grk “to Antioch, strengthening.” Due to the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English to use shorter sentences, a new sentence was started here. This participle (ἐπιστηρίζοντες, episthrizonte") and the following one (παρακαλοῦντες, parakalounte") have been translated as finite verbs connected by the coordinating conjunction “and.”

¹⁰ sn And encouraged them to continue. The exhortations are like those noted in Acts 11:23; 13:43. An example of such a speech is found in Acts 20:18-35. Christianity is now characterized as “the faith.”

¹¹ sn This reference to the kingdom of God clearly refers to its future arrival.

¹² tn Or “sufferings.”