10:1 “I tell you the solemn truth, 1 the one who does not enter the sheepfold 2 by the door, 3 but climbs in some other way, is a thief and a robber. 10:2 The one who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. 10:3 The doorkeeper 4 opens the door 5 for him, 6 and the sheep hear his voice. He 7 calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. 8 10:4 When he has brought all his own sheep 9 out, he goes ahead of them, and the sheep follow him because they recognize 10 his voice. 10:5 They will never follow a stranger, 11 but will run away from him, because they do not recognize 12 the stranger’s voice.” 13 10:6 Jesus told them this parable, 14 but they 15 did not understand 16 what he was saying to them.
1 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
2 sn There was more than one type of sheepfold in use in Palestine in Jesus’ day. The one here seems to be a courtyard in front of a house (the Greek word used for the sheepfold here, αὐλή [aulh] frequently refers to a courtyard), surrounded by a stone wall (often topped with briars for protection).
3 tn Or “entrance.”
4 tn Or “porter” (British English).
5 tn The words “the door” are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context.
6 tn Grk “For this one.”
7 tn Grk “And he.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
8 sn He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. Some interpreters have suggested that there was more than one flock in the fold, and there would be a process of separation where each shepherd called out his own flock. This may also be suggested by the mention of a doorkeeper in v. 3 since only the larger sheepfolds would have such a guard. But the Gospel of John never mentions a distinction among the sheep in this fold; in fact (10:16) there are other sheep which are to be brought in, but they are to be one flock and one shepherd.
9 tn The word “sheep” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
10 tn Grk “because they know.”
11 tn Or “someone whom they do not know.”
12 tn Grk “know.”
13 tn Or “the voice of someone they do not know.”
14 sn A parable is a fairly short narrative that has symbolic meaning. The Greek word παροιμίαν (paroimian) is used again in 16:25, 29. This term does not occur in the synoptic gospels, where παραβολή (parabolh) is used. Nevertheless it is similar, denoting a short narrative with figurative or symbolic meaning.
15 tn Grk “these.”
16 tn Or “comprehend.”