1:18 He is the head of the body, the church, as well as the beginning, the firstborn 15 from among the dead, so that he himself may become first in all things. 16
6:1 Therefore we must progress beyond 19 the elementary 20 instructions about Christ 21 and move on 22 to maturity, not laying this foundation again: repentance from dead works and faith in God,
1 tn Or “is true.”
2 sn To whom does another refer? To John the Baptist or to the Father? In the nearer context, v. 33, it would seem to be John the Baptist. But v. 34 seems to indicate that Jesus does not receive testimony from men. Probably it is better to view v. 32 as identical to v. 37, with the comments about the Baptist as a parenthetical digression.
3 tn Or “I have many things to pronounce in judgment about you.” The two Greek infinitives could be understood as a hendiadys, resulting in one phrase.
4 tn Grk “the one”; the referent (the Father) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
5 tn Grk “true” (in the sense of one who always tells the truth).
6 tn Grk “and what things I have heard from him, these things I speak to the world.”
7 tn Grk “every man”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used in a generic sense here to stress humanity rather than masculinity.
8 tn Grk “Let God be true, and every man a liar.” The words “proven” and “shown up” are supplied in the translation to clarify the meaning.
9 tn Grk “might be justified,” a subjunctive verb, but in this type of clause it carries the same sense as the future indicative verb in the latter part. “Will” is more idiomatic in contemporary English.
10 tn Or “prevail when you judge.” A quotation from Ps 51:4.
11 tn Grk “much in every way.”
12 tc ‡ Most witnesses (א A D2 33 Ï) have γάρ (gar) after μέν (men), though some significant Alexandrian and Western witnesses lack the conjunction (B D* G Ψ 81 365 1506 2464* pc latt). A few
13 tn Grk “they were.”
14 tn The referent of λόγια (logia, “oracles”) has been variously understood: (1) BDAG 598 s.v. λόγιον takes the term to refer here to “God’s promises to the Jews”; (2) some have taken this to refer more narrowly to the national promises of messianic salvation given to Israel (so S. L. Johnson, Jr., “Studies in Romans: Part VII: The Jews and the Oracles of God,” BSac 130 [1973]: 245); (3) perhaps the most widespread interpretation sees the term as referring to the entire OT generally.
15 tn See the note on the term “firstborn” in 1:15. Here the reference to Jesus as the “firstborn from among the dead” seems to be arguing for a chronological priority, i.e., Jesus was the first to rise from the dead.
16 tn Grk “in order that he may become in all things, himself, first.”
17 tn Grk “before eternal ages.”
18 tn Grk “have taken refuge”; the basis of that refuge is implied in the preceding verse.
19 tn Grk “Therefore leaving behind.” The implication is not of abandoning this elementary information, but of building on it.
20 tn Or “basic.”
21 tn Grk “the message of the beginning of Christ.”
22 tn Grk “leaving behind…let us move on.”
23 tn Grk “having been designated,” continuing the thought of Heb 5:9.
24 sn The phrase in the order of Melchizedek picks up the quotation from Ps 110:4 in Heb 5:6.