2:11 and every tongue confess
that Jesus Christ is Lord
to the glory of God the Father.
“You are worthy to take the scroll
and to open its seals
because you were killed, 3
and at the cost of your own blood 4 you have purchased 5 for God
persons 6 from every tribe, language, 7 people, and nation.
5:10 You have appointed 8 them 9 as a kingdom and priests 10 to serve 11 our God, and they will reign 12 on the earth.”
5:11 Then 13 I looked and heard the voice of many angels in a circle around the throne, as well as the living creatures and the elders. Their 14 number was ten thousand times ten thousand 15 – thousands times thousands – 5:12 all of whom 16 were singing 17 in a loud voice:
“Worthy is the lamb who was killed 18
to receive power and wealth
and wisdom and might
and honor and glory and praise!”
5:13 Then 19 I heard every creature – in heaven, on earth, under the earth, in the sea, and all that is in them – singing: 20
“To the one seated on the throne and to the Lamb
be praise, honor, glory, and ruling power 21 forever and ever!”
5:14 And the four living creatures were saying “Amen,” and the elders threw themselves to the ground 22 and worshiped.
“Salvation belongs to our God, 23
to the one seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!”
7:11 And all the angels stood 24 there in a circle around the throne and around the elders and the four living creatures, and they threw themselves down with their faces to the ground 25 before the throne and worshiped God, 7:12 saying,
“Amen! Praise and glory,
and wisdom and thanksgiving,
and honor and power and strength
be to our God for ever and ever. Amen!”
1 tn Grk “all.” The word “people” is not in the Greek text but is supplied for stylistic reasons and for clarity (cf. KJV “all men”).
2 tn The redundant participle λέγοντες (legontes) has not been translated here.
3 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
4 tn The preposition ἐν (en) is taken to indicate price here, like the Hebrew preposition ב (bet) does at times. BDAG 329 s.v. ἐν 5.b states, “The ἐν which takes the place of the gen. of price is also instrumental ἠγόρασας ἐν τῷ αἵματί σου Rv 5:9 (cp. 1 Ch 21:24 ἀγοράζω ἐν ἀργυρίῳ).”
5 tc The Greek text as it stands above (i.e., the reading τῷ θεῷ [tw qew] alone) is found in codex A. א 2050 2344 Ï sy add the term “us” (ἡμᾶς, Jhmas), either before or after τῷ θεῷ, as an attempt to clarify the object of “purchased” (ἠγόρασας, hgorasa"). A few
6 tn The word “persons” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
7 tn Grk “and language,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
8 tn The verb ἐποίησας (epoihsas) is understood to mean “appointed” here. For an example of this use, see Mark 3:14.
9 tc The vast majority of witnesses have αὐτούς (autous, “them”) here, while the Textus Receptus reads ἡμᾶς (Jhmas, “us”) with insignificant support (pc gig vgcl sa Prim Bea). There is no question that the original text read αὐτούς here.
10 tn The reference to “kingdom and priests” may be a hendiadys: “priestly kingdom.”
11 tn The words “to serve” are not in the Greek text, but are implied by the word “priests.”
12 tc The textual problem here between the present tense βασιλεύουσιν (basileuousin, “they are reigning”; so A 1006 1611 ÏK pc) and the future βασιλεύσουσιν (basileusousin, “they will reign”; so א 1854 2053 ÏA pc lat co) is a difficult one. Both readings have excellent support. On the one hand, the present tense seems to be the harder reading in this context. On the other hand, codex A elsewhere mistakes the future for the present (20:6). Further, the lunar sigma in uncial script could have been overlooked by some scribes, resulting in the present tense. All things considered, there is a slight preference for the future.
13 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
14 tn Grk “elders, and the number of them was.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
15 tn Or “myriads of myriads.” Although μυριάς (murias) literally means “10,000,” the point of the combination here may simply be to indicate an incalculably huge number. See L&N 60.9.
16 tn The words “all of whom” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied to indicate the resumption of the phrase “the voice of many angels” at the beginning of the verse.
17 tn Grk “saying.”
18 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
20 tn Grk “saying.”
21 tn Or “dominion.”
22 tn Grk “fell down.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”
23 tn The dative here has been translated as a dative of possession.
24 tn The verb is pluperfect, but the force is simple past. See ExSyn 586.
25 tn Grk “they fell down on their faces.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”