4:31 Meanwhile the disciples were urging him, 3 “Rabbi, eat something.” 4
6:52 Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus 14 began to argue with one another, 15 “How can this man 16 give us his flesh to eat?”
18:28 Then they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the Roman governor’s residence. 28 (Now it was very early morning.) 29 They 30 did not go into the governor’s residence 31 so they would not be ceremonially defiled, but could eat the Passover meal.
1 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”
2 sn A quotation from Ps 78:24 (referring to the events of Exod 16:4-36).
3 tn Grk “were asking him, saying.”
4 tn The direct object of φάγε (fage) in Greek is understood; “something” is supplied in English.
5 tn An ingressive imperfect conveys the idea that Jesus’ reply provoked the disciples’ response.
6 tn The direct object of ἤνεγκεν (hnenken) in Greek is understood; “anything” is supplied in English.
7 tn Questions prefaced with μή (mh) in Greek anticipate a negative answer. This can sometimes be indicated by using a “tag” at the end in English (here it is “did they?”).
7 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”
9 map For location see Map1-E2; Map2-C2; Map3-C3; Map4-D1; Map5-G4.
10 tn Or “boats from Tiberias landed”; Grk “came.”
11 tc D 091 a e sys,c lack the phrase “after the Lord had given thanks” (εὐχαριστήσαντος τοῦ κυρίου, eucaristhsanto" tou kuriou), while almost all the rest of the witnesses ({Ì75 א A B L W Θ Ψ 0141 [Ë1] Ë13 33 Ï as well as several versions and fathers}) have the words (though {l672 l950 syp pbo} read ᾿Ιησοῦ [Ihsou, “Jesus”] instead of κυρίου). Although the shorter reading has minimal support, it is significant that this Gospel speaks of Jesus as Lord in the evangelist’s narrative descriptions only in 11:2; 20:18, 20; 21:12; and possibly 4:1 (but see tc note on “Jesus” there). There is thus but one undisputed preresurrection text in which the narrator calls Jesus “Lord.” This fact can be utilized on behalf of either reading: The participial phrase could be seen as a scribal addition harking back to 6:11 but which does not fit Johannine style, or it could be viewed as truly authentic and in line with what John indisputably does elsewhere even if rarely. On balance, in light of the overwhelming support for these words it is probably best to retain them in the text.
11 tn Or “Here.”
12 tn Grk “someone” (τις, tis).
13 tn Grk “Then the Jews began to argue.” Here the translation restricts the phrase to those Jews who were hostile to Jesus (cf. BDAG 479 s.v. ᾿Ιουδαῖος 2.e.β), since the “crowd” mentioned in 6:22-24 was almost all Jewish (as suggested by their addressing Jesus as “Rabbi” (6:25). See also the note on the phrase “the Jews who were hostile to Jesus” in v. 41.
14 tn Grk “with one another, saying.”
15 tn Grk “this one,” “this person.”
15 tn Grk “when he lifted up his eyes” (an idiom).
17 tn Grk “answered and said to them.”
18 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
19 tn Grk “because you ate of the loaves of bread and were filled.”
19 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
20 sn Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood. These words are at the heart of the discourse on the Bread of Life, and have created great misunderstanding among interpreters. Anyone who is inclined toward a sacramental viewpoint will almost certainly want to take these words as a reference to the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper, or the Eucharist, because of the reference to eating and drinking. But this does not automatically follow: By anyone’s definition there must be a symbolic element to the eating which Jesus speaks of in the discourse, and once this is admitted, it is better to understand it here, as in the previous references in the passage, to a personal receiving of (or appropriation of) Christ and his work.
21 tn That is, “no eternal life” (as opposed to physical life).
21 tn Or “This one.”
22 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”
23 tn Grk “This is the bread that came down from heaven, not just like your ancestors ate and died.” The cryptic Greek expression has been filled out in the translation for clarity.
24 tn Or “who chews.” On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esqiw, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trwgw, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.
23 tn Grk “to the praetorium.”
24 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
25 tn Grk “And they.” The conjunction καί (kai, “and”) has not been translated here in keeping with the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences.
26 tn Grk “into the praetorium.”
25 tn Grk “And the bread.”