Joshua 12:15

12:15 the king of Libnah (one),

the king of Adullam (one),

Joshua 15:35

15:35 Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah,

Joshua 15:2

15:2 Their southern border started at the southern tip of the Salt Sea, ¹ 

Joshua 23:13-14

23:13 know for certain that the Lord our God will no longer drive out these nations from before you. They will trap and ensnare you; ²  they will be a whip that tears ³  your sides and thorns that blind ⁴  your eyes until you disappear ⁵  from this good land the Lord your God gave you.

23:14 “Look, today I am about to die. ⁶  You know with all your heart and being ⁷  that not even one of all the faithful promises the Lord your God made to you is left unfulfilled; every one was realized – not one promise is unfulfilled! ⁸ 

Joshua 23:1

Joshua Challenges Israel to be Faithful

23:1 A long time ⁹  passed after the Lord made Israel secure from all their enemies, ¹⁰  and Joshua was very old. ¹¹ 

Joshua 11:15

11:15 Moses the Lord’s servant passed on the Lord’s commands to Joshua, and Joshua did as he was told. He did not ignore any of the commands the Lord had given Moses. ¹² 

Psalms 142:1

Psalm 142 ¹³ 

A well-written song ¹⁴  by David, when he was in the cave; ¹⁵  a prayer.

142:1 To the Lord I cry out; ¹⁶ 

to the Lord I plead for mercy. ¹⁷ 

Micah 1:3

1:3 Look, ¹⁸  the Lord is coming out of his dwelling place!

He will descend and march on the earth’s mountaintops! ¹⁹ 

Micah 1:15

1:15 Residents of Mareshah, ²⁰  a conqueror will attack you, ²¹ 

the leaders of Israel shall flee to Adullam. ²² 

Hebrews 11:38

11:38 (the world was not worthy of them); they wandered in deserts and mountains and caves and openings in the earth.

¹ tn Heb “Their southern border was from the end of the Salt Sea, from the tongue that faces to the south.”

² tn Heb “be a trap and a snare to you.”

³ tn Heb “in.”

⁴ tn Heb “thorns in your eyes.”

⁵ tn Or “perish.”

⁶ tn Heb “go the way of all the earth.”

⁷ tn Or “soul.”

⁸ tn Heb “one word from all these words which the Lord your God spoke to you has not fallen, the whole has come to pass for you, one word from it has not fallen.”

⁹ tn Heb “many days.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “the Lord had given rest to Israel from their enemies all around.”

¹¹ tn Heb “was old, coming into the days.” This expression, referring to advancing in years, also occurs in the following verse.

¹² tn Heb “As the Lord commanded Moses his servant, so Moses commanded Joshua, and Joshua acted accordingly; he did not turn aside a thing from all which the Lord commanded Moses.”

¹³ sn Psalm 142. The psalmist laments his persecuted state and asks the Lord to deliver him from his enemies.

¹⁴ tn The meaning of the Hebrew term מַשְׂכִּיל (maskil) is uncertain. The word is derived from a verb meaning “to be prudent; to be wise.” Various options are: “a contemplative song,” “a song imparting moral wisdom,” or “a skillful [i.e., well-written] song.” The term occurs in the superscriptions of Pss 32, 42, 44, 45, 52-55, 74, 78, 88, 89, and 142, as well as in Ps 47:7.

¹⁵ sn According to the superscription, David wrote this psalm while in “the cave.” This probably refers to either the incident recorded in 1 Sam 22:1 or to the one recorded in 1 Sam 24:3. See the superscription of Ps 57.

¹⁶ tn Heb “[with] my voice to the Lord I cry out.”

¹⁷ tn Heb “[with] my voice to the Lord I plead for mercy.”

¹⁸ tn Or “For look.” The expression כִּי־הִנֵּה (ki-hinneh) may function as an explanatory introduction (“For look!”; Isa 26:21; 60:2; 65:17, 18: 66:15; Jer 1:15; 25:29; 30:10; 45:5; 46:27; 50:9; Ezek 30:9; 36:9; Zech 2:10; 3:8), or as an emphatic introduction (“Look!”; Jdgs 3:15; Isa 3:1; Jer 8:17; 30:3; 49:15; Hos 9:6; Joel 3:1 [HT 4:1]; Amos 4:2, 13; 6:11, 14; 9:9; Hab 1:6; Zech 2:9 [HT 2:13]; Zech 3:9; 11:16).

¹⁹ tn Or “high places” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

²⁰ sn The place name Mareshah sounds like the Hebrew word for “conqueror.”

²¹ tn Heb “Again a conqueror I will bring to you, residents of Mareshah.” The first person verb is problematic, for the Lord would have to be the subject (cf. NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT). But the prophet appears to be delivering this lament and the Lord is referred to in the third person in v. 12. Consequently many emend the verb to a third person form (יָבוֹא, yavo’) and understand the “conqueror” as subject.

²² tn Heb “to Adullam the glory of Israel will go.” This probably means that the nation’s leadership will run for their lives and, like David of old, hide from their enemy in the caves of Adullam. Cf. NIV’s “He who is the glory of Israel will come to Adullam,” which sounds as if an individual is in view, and could be understood as a messianic reference.