Joshua 12:22

12:22 the king of Kedesh (one),

the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),

Joshua 19:37

19:37 Kedesh, Edrei, En Hazor,

Joshua 20:7

20:7 So they selected ¹  Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah.

Joshua 21:32

21:32 from the tribe of Naphtali: Kedesh in Galilee (a city of refuge for one who committed manslaughter), Hammoth Dor, and Kartan, along with the grazing areas of each – a total of three cities.

Jude 1:6

1:6 You also know that ²  the angels who did not keep within their proper domain ³  but abandoned their own place of residence, he has kept ⁴  in eternal chains ⁵  in utter ⁶  darkness, locked up ⁷  for the judgment of the great Day.

¹ tn Heb “set apart.”

² tn Grk “and.” Verse 6 is a continuation of the same sentence begun in v. 5. Due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

³ tn Grk “who did not keep their own domain.”

⁴ sn There is an interesting play on words used in this verse. Because the angels did not keep their proper place, Jesus has kept them chained up in another place. The same verb keep is used in v. 1 to describe believers’ status before God and Christ.

⁵ sn In 2 Pet 2:4 a less common word for chains is used.

⁶ tn The word ζόφος (zofos, “utter, deepest darkness”) is used only five times in the NT: two in 2 Peter, two in Jude, and one in Hebrews. Jude 6 parallels 2 Pet 2:4; Jude 13 parallels 2 Pet 2:17.

⁷ tn The words “locked up” are not in Greek, but is expressed in English as a resumptive point after the double prepositional phrase (“in eternal chains in utter darkness”).