12:9 the king of Jericho 1 (one),
the king of Ai – located near Bethel – (one),
12:10 the king of Jerusalem 2 (one),
the king of Hebron (one),
12:11 the king of Jarmuth (one),
the king of Lachish (one),
12:12 the king of Eglon (one),
the king of Gezer (one),
12:13 the king of Debir (one),
the king of Geder (one),
12:14 the king of Hormah (one),
the king of Arad (one),
12:15 the king of Libnah (one),
the king of Adullam (one),
12:16 the king of Makkedah (one),
the king of Bethel 3 (one),
12:17 the king of Tappuah (one),
the king of Hepher (one),
12:18 the king of Aphek (one),
the king of Lasharon (one),
12:19 the king of Madon (one),
the king of Hazor 4 (one),
12:20 the king of Shimron Meron (one),
the king of Acshaph (one),
12:21 the king of Taanach (one),
the king of Megiddo 5 (one),
12:22 the king of Kedesh (one),
the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),
12:23 the king of Dor – near Naphath Dor – (one),
the king of Goyim – near Gilgal – (one),
12:24 the king of Tirzah (one),
a total of thirty-one kings.
10:15 Canaan was the father of 14 Sidon his firstborn, 15 Heth, 16 10:16 the Jebusites, 17 Amorites, 18 Girgashites, 19 10:17 Hivites, 20 Arkites, 21 Sinites, 22 10:18 Arvadites, 23 Zemarites, 24 and Hamathites. 25 Eventually the families of the Canaanites were scattered 10:19 and the borders of Canaan extended 26 from Sidon 27 all the way to 28 Gerar as far as Gaza, and all the way to 29 Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha.
2:9 For Israel’s sake I destroyed the Amorites. 44
They were as tall as cedars 45
and as strong as oaks,
but I destroyed the fruit on their branches 46
and their roots in the ground. 47
1 map For location see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1.
2 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
3 map For location see Map4-G4; Map5-C1; Map6-E3; Map7-D1; Map8-G3.
4 map For location see Map1-D2; Map2-D3; Map3-A2; Map4-C1.
5 map For location see Map1-D4; Map2-C1; Map4-C2; Map5-F2; Map7-B1.
6 tn Heb “if it is bad in your eyes.”
7 tn Or “to serve.”
8 tn Or “will serve.”
9 tn Heb “your fathers.”
10 tn Or “served.”
11 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity; see v. 3.
12 tn Heb “house.”
13 tn Or “will serve.”
14 tn Heb “fathered.”
15 sn Sidon was the foremost city in Phoenicia; here Sidon may be the name of its founder.
16 tn Some see a reference to “Hittites” here (cf. NIV), but this seems unlikely. See the note on the phrase “sons of Heth” in Gen 23:3.
17 sn The Jebusites were the Canaanite inhabitants of ancient Jerusalem.
18 sn Here Amorites refers to smaller groups of Canaanite inhabitants of the mountainous regions of Palestine, rather than the large waves of Amurru, or western Semites, who migrated to the region.
19 sn The Girgashites are an otherwise unknown Canaanite tribe, though the name is possibly mentioned in Ugaritic texts (see G. J. Wenham, Genesis [WBC], 1:226).
20 sn The Hivites were Canaanite tribes of a Hurrian origin.
21 sn The Arkites lived in Arka, a city in Lebanon, north of Sidon.
22 sn The Sinites lived in Sin, another town in Lebanon.
23 sn The Arvadites lived in the city Arvad, located on an island near the mainland close to the river El Kebir.
24 sn The Zemarites lived in the town Sumur, north of Arka.
25 sn The Hamathites lived in Hamath on the Orontes River.
26 tn Heb “were.”
27 map For location see Map1-A1; JP3-F3; JP4-F3.
28 tn Heb “as you go.”
29 tn Heb “as you go.”
30 tn Heb “cut a covenant.”
31 tn The perfect verbal form is understood as instantaneous (“I here and now give”). Another option is to understand it as rhetorical, indicating certitude (“I have given” meaning it is as good as done, i.e., “I will surely give”).
32 sn The river of Egypt is a wadi (a seasonal stream) on the northeastern border of Egypt, not to the River Nile.
33 tn The words “the land” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
34 tn Each of the names in the list has the Hebrew definite article, which is used here generically for the class of people identified.
35 tn The pronouns translated “your” and “you” in this verse are singular in the Hebrew text.
36 tn The Hebrew word שְׁכֶם (shÿkhem) could be translated either as “mountain slope” or “shoulder, portion,” or even taken as the proper name “Shechem.” Jacob was giving Joseph either (1) one portion above his brothers, or (2) the mountain ridge he took from the Amorites, or (3) Shechem. The ambiguity actually allows for all three to be the referent. He could be referring to the land in Shechem he bought in Gen 33:18-19, but he mentions here that it was acquired by warfare, suggesting that the events of 34:25-29 are in view (even though at the time he denounced it, 34:30). Joseph was later buried in Shechem (Josh 24:32).
37 tn Grk “and save.”
38 tn Grk “and have mercy.”
39 tn Grk “with fear.” But as this contrasts with ἀφόβως (afobw") in v. 12 (without reverence), the posture of the false teachers, it most likely refers to reverence for God.
40 sn The imagery here suggests that the things close to the sinners are contaminated by them, presumably during the process of sinning.
41 tn Grk “hating even the tunic spotted by the flesh.” The “flesh” in this instance could refer to the body or to the sin nature. It makes little difference in one sense: Jude is thinking primarily of sexual sins, which are borne of the sin nature and manifest themselves in inappropriate deeds done with the body. At the same time, he is not saying that the body is intrinsically bad, a view held by the opponents of Christianity. Hence, it is best to see “flesh” as referring to the sin nature here and the language as metaphorical.
42 tn Grk “may mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you.”
43 tn Grk “may mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you.”
44 tn Heb “I destroyed the Amorites from before them.” The translation takes מִפְּנֵי (mippÿney) in the sense of “for the sake of.” See BDB 818 s.v. פָּנֻה II.6.a and H. W. Wolff, Joel and Amos (Hermeneia), 134. Another option is to take the phrase in a spatial sense, “I destroyed the Amorites, [clearing them out] from before them [i.e., Israel]” (cf. NIV, NRSV).
45 tn Heb “whose height was like the height of cedars.”
46 tn Heb “his fruit from above.”
47 tn Heb “and his roots from below.”