Joshua 13:4-5

13:4 to the south; ¹  all the Canaanite territory, ²  from Arah ³  in the region of Sidon ⁴  to Aphek, as far as Amorite territory; 13:5 the territory of Byblos ⁵  and all Lebanon to the east, from Baal Gad below Mount Hermon to Lebo Hamath. ⁶ 

¹ tn Or “from Teman.” The phrase is especially problematic if taken with what follows, as the traditional verse division suggests. For further discussion see T. C. Butler, Joshua (WBC), 146.

² tn Heb “all the land of the Canaanites.”

³ tc The reading “Arah” assumes a slight emendation of the Hebrew vowel pointing. The MT reads, “and a cave,” or “and Mearah” (if one understands the word as a proper noun).

⁴ tn Heb “which belongs to the Sidonians.”

⁵ tn Heb “and the land of the Gebalites.”

⁶ tn Or “the entrance to Hamath.” Most modern translations take the phrase “Lebo Hamath” to be a proper name, but often provide a note with the alternative, where “Hamath” is the proper name and לְבוֹא (lÿvo’) is taken to mean “entrance to.”