20:9 “‘If anyone 2 curses his father and mother 3 he must be put to death. He has cursed his father and mother; his blood guilt is on himself. 4
3:1 “‘Now if his offering is a peace offering sacrifice, 14 if he presents an offering from the herd, he must present before the Lord a flawless male or a female. 15
3:1 “‘Now if his offering is a peace offering sacrifice, 16 if he presents an offering from the herd, he must present before the Lord a flawless male or a female. 17
27:24 When 20 Pilate saw that he could do nothing, but that instead a riot was starting, he took some water, washed his hands before the crowd and said, “I am innocent of this man’s blood. You take care of it yourselves!” 21 27:25 In 22 reply all the people said, “Let his blood be on us and on our children!”
1 sn Compare the regulations in Lev 18:6-23.
2 tn Heb “If a man a man who.”
3 tn Heb “makes light of his father and his mother.” Almost all English versions render this as some variation of “curses his father or mother.”
4 tn Heb “his blood [plural] is in him.” Cf. NAB “he has forfeited his life”; TEV “is responsible for his own death.”
5 sn See the note on Lev 18:7 above.
6 tn See the note on v. 9 above.
7 tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”
8 tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.
9 tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.
10 tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).
11 tn Heb “Then he”; the referent (apparently still the priest) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
12 tn This translation (“remove its entrails by [cutting off] its tail feathers”) is based on the discussion in J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:169-71, although he translates, “remove its crissum by its feathers.” Others possibilities include “its crop with its contents” (Tg. Onq., cf. NIV, NRSV; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 23) or “its crop with its feathers” (LXX, NASB, RSV; “crop” refers to the enlarged part of a bird’s gullet that serves a pouch for the preliminary maceration of food).
13 tn The pronoun “them” here is feminine singular in Hebrew and refers collectively to the entrails and tail wing which have been removed.
14 sn The peace offering sacrifice primarily enacted and practiced communion between God and man (and between the people of God). This was illustrated by the fact that the fat parts of the animal were consumed on the altar of the
15 tn Heb “if a male if a female, perfect he shall present it before the
16 sn The peace offering sacrifice primarily enacted and practiced communion between God and man (and between the people of God). This was illustrated by the fact that the fat parts of the animal were consumed on the altar of the
17 tn Heb “if a male if a female, perfect he shall present it before the
18 tn Heb “his blood will be on his own head.”
19 tn Heb “his blood will be on him.”
20 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
21 sn You take care of it yourselves! Compare the response of the chief priests and elders to Judas in 27:4. The expression is identical except that in 27:4 it is singular and here it is plural.
22 tn Grk “answering, all the people said.” This construction is somewhat redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.
23 tn The word “him” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.
24 tn The participle βλασφημούντων (blasfhmountwn) has been taken temporally. The direct object (“him”) is implied rather than expressed and could be impersonal (“it,” referring to what Paul was saying rather than Paul himself), but the verb occurs more often in contexts involving defamation or slander against personal beings (not always God). For a very similar context to this one, compare Acts 13:45. The translation “blaspheme” is not used because in contemporary English its meaning is more narrowly defined and normally refers to blasphemy against God (not what Paul’s opponents were doing here). What they were doing was more like slander or defamation of character.
25 tn Grk “shaking out his clothes, he said to them.” L&N 16:8 translates Acts 18:6 “when they opposed him and said evil things about him, he protested by shaking the dust from his clothes.” The addition of the verb “protested by” in the translation is necessary to clarify for the modern reader that this is a symbolic action. It is similar but not identical to the phrase in Acts 13:51, where the dust from the feet is shaken off. The participle ἐκτιναξάμενος (ektinaxameno") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
26 sn Your blood be on your own heads! By invoking this epithet Paul declared himself not responsible for their actions in rejecting Jesus whom Paul preached (cf. Ezek 33:4; 3:6-21; Matt 23:35; 27:25).
27 tn Or “innocent.” BDAG 489 s.v. καθαρός 3.a has “guiltless Ac 18:6.”
28 tn Or “testify.”
29 tn Grk “clean, pure,” thus “guiltless” (BDAG 489 s.v. καθαρός 3.a).
30 tn That is, “that if any of you should be lost, I am not responsible” (an idiom). According to L&N 33.223, the meaning of the phrase “that I am innocent of the blood of all of you” is “that if any of you should be lost, I am not responsible.” However, due to the length of this phrase and its familiarity to many modern English readers, the translation was kept closer to formal equivalence in this case. The word “you” is not in the Greek text, but is implied; Paul is addressing the Ephesian congregation (in the person of its elders) in both v. 25 and 27.