5:17 “If a person sins and violates any of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated 13 (although he did not know it at the time, 14 but later realizes he is guilty), then he will bear his punishment for iniquity 15 5:18 and must bring a flawless ram from the flock, convertible into silver shekels, 16 for a guilt offering to the priest. So the priest will make atonement 17 on his behalf for his error which he committed 18 (although he himself had not known it) and he will be forgiven. 19 5:19 It is a guilt offering; he was surely guilty before the Lord.”
7:1 “‘This is the law of the guilt offering. It is most holy. 7:2 In the place where they slaughter the burnt offering they must slaughter the guilt offering, and the officiating priest 21 must splash 22 the blood against the altar’s sides. 7:3 Then the one making the offering 23 must present all its fat: the fatty tail, the fat covering the entrails, 7:4 the two kidneys and the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he must remove along with the kidneys). 24 7:5 Then the priest must offer them up in smoke on the altar 25 as a gift to the Lord. It is a guilt offering. 7:6 Any male among the priests may eat it. It must be eaten in a holy place. It is most holy. 26 7:7 The law is the same for the sin offering and the guilt offering; 27 it belongs to the priest who makes atonement with it.
1 tn In this context the word for “guilt” (אָשָׁם, ’asham) refers to the “penalty” for incurring guilt, the so-called consequential אָשָׁם (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:303; cf. the note on Lev 5:1).
2 sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).
3 tn See the note on 4:26 regarding the use of מִן (min).
4 tn Heb “trespasses a trespass” (verb and direct object from the same Hebrew root, מַעַל, ma’al); cf. NIV “commits a violation.” The word refers to some kind of overstepping of the boundary between that which is common (i.e., available for common use by common people) and that which is holy (i.e., to be used only for holy purposes because it has been consecrated to the
5 tn See Lev 4:2 above for a note on “straying.”
6 sn Heb “from the holy things of the
7 tn Here the word for “guilt” (אָשָׁם, ’asham) refers to the “penalty” for incurring guilt, the so-called consequential use of אָשָׁם (’asham; see J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:303).
8 tn Heb “in your valuation, silver of shekels, in the shekel of the sanctuary.” The translation offered here suggests that, instead of a ram, the guilt offering could be presented in the form of money (see, e.g., NRSV; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:326-27). Others still maintain the view that it refers to the value of the ram that was offered (see, e.g., NIV “of the proper value in silver, according to the sanctuary shekel”; also NAB, NLT; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 72-73, 81).
9 tn The word for “guilt offering” (sometimes translated “reparation offering”) is the same as “guilt” earlier in the verse (rendered there “[penalty for] guilt”). One can tell which is intended only by the context.
10 tn Heb “and which he sinned from the holy thing.”
11 sn Regarding “make atonement” see the note on Lev 1:4.
12 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).
13 tn Heb “and does one from all of the commandments of the
14 tn The words “at the time” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.
15 tn Heb “and he did not know, and he shall be guilty and he shall bear his iniquity” (for the rendering “bear his punishment [for iniquity]”) see the note on Lev 5:1.) This portion of v. 17 is especially difficult. The translation offered here suggests (as in many other English versions) that the offender did not originally know that he had violated the
16 tn The statement here is condensed. See the full expression in 5:15 and the note there.
17 sn Regarding “make atonement” see the note on Lev 1:4.
18 tn Heb “on his straying which he strayed.” See the note on Lev 4:2.
19 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV and NASB both similar).
20 tn The words “into silver shekels” are supplied here. See the full expression in Lev 5:15, and compare 5:18. Cf. NRSV “or its equivalent”; NLT “or the animal’s equivalent value in silver.”
21 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the officiating priest) has been specified in the translation for clarity. This priest was responsible for any actions involving direct contact with the altar (e.g., the splashing of the blood).
22 tn See the note on Lev 1:5.
23 tn Heb “then he.” This pronoun refers to the offerer, who was responsible for slaughtering the animal. Contrast v. 2 above and v. 5 below.
24 tn See the notes on Lev 3:3-4.
25 tn See the note on Lev 1:9 above.
26 tn Heb “holiness of holinesses [or holy of holies] it is”; NAB “most sacred”; TEV “very holy.”
27 tn Heb “like the sin offering like the guilt offering, one law to them.”