Leviticus 1:4

1:4 He must lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted for him to make atonement ¹  on his behalf.

Leviticus 7:7

7:7 The law is the same for the sin offering and the guilt offering; ²  it belongs to the priest who makes atonement with it.

Leviticus 8:34

8:34 What has been done ³  on this day the Lord has commanded to be done ⁴  to make atonement for you.

Leviticus 14:19-20

14:19 “The priest must then perform the sin offering ⁵  and make atonement for the one being cleansed from his impurity. After that he ⁶  is to slaughter the burnt offering, 14:20 and the priest is to offer ⁷  the burnt offering and the grain offering on the altar. So the priest is to make atonement for him and he will be clean.

Leviticus 16:6

16:6 Then Aaron is to present the sin offering bull which is for himself and is to make atonement on behalf of himself and his household.

Leviticus 16:30

16:30 for on this day atonement is to be made for you to cleanse you from all your sins; you must be clean before the Lord. ⁸ 

¹ tn “To make atonement” is the standard translation of the Hebrew term כִּפֶּר, (kipper); cf. however TEV “as a sacrifice to take away his sins” (CEV similar). The English word derives from a combination of “at” plus Middle English “one[ment],” referring primarily to reconciliation or reparation that is made in order to accomplish reconciliation. The primary meaning of the Hebrew verb, however, is “to wipe [something off (or on)]” (see esp. the goal of the sin offering, Lev 4, “to purge” the tabernacle from impurities), but in some cases it refers metaphorically to “wiping away” anything that might stand in the way of good relations by bringing a gift (see, e.g., Gen 32:20 [21 HT], “to appease; to pacify” as an illustration of this). The translation “make atonement” has been retained here because, ultimately, the goal of either purging or appeasing was to maintain a proper relationship between the Lord (who dwelt in the tabernacle) and Israelites in whose midst the tabernacle was pitched (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:689-710 for a full discussion of the Hebrew word meaning “to make atonement” and its theological significance).

² tn Heb “like the sin offering like the guilt offering, one law to them.”

³ tn Heb “just as he has done” (cf. the note on v. 33).

⁴ tn Heb “the Lord has commanded to do” (cf. the note on v. 33).

⁴ tn Heb “do [or “make”] the sin offering.”

⁵ tn Heb “And after[ward] he [i.e., the offerer] shall slaughter.” The LXX adds “the priest” as the subject of the verb (as do several English versions, e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, NLT), but the offerer is normally the one who does the actually slaughtering of the sacrificial animal (cf. the notes on Lev 1:5a, 6a, and 9a).

⁵ tn Heb “cause to go up.”

⁶ tn The phrase “from all your sins” could go with the previous clause as the verse is rendered here (see, e.g., B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 109, and J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1011), or it could go with the following clause (i.e., “you shall be clean from all your sins before the Lord”; see the MT accents as well as J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 221, and recent English versions, e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV).