11:13 “‘These you are to detest from among the birds – they must not be eaten, because they are detestable: 1 the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture, 11:14 the kite, the buzzard of any kind, 2 11:15 every kind of crow, 3 11:16 the eagle owl, 4 the short-eared owl, the long-eared owl, the hawk of any kind, 11:17 the little owl, the cormorant, the screech owl, 11:18 the white owl, the scops owl, the osprey, 11:19 the stork, the heron of any kind, the hoopoe, and the bat.
11:20 “‘Every winged swarming thing that walks on all fours 5 is detestable to you. 11:21 However, this you may eat from all the winged swarming things that walk on all fours, which have jointed legs 6 to hop with on the land. 11:22 These you may eat from them: 7 the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, the grasshopper of any kind. 11:23 But any other winged swarming thing that has four legs is detestable to you.
11:24 “‘By these 8 you defile yourselves; anyone who touches their carcass will be unclean until the evening, 11:25 and anyone who carries their carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until the evening.
11:26 “‘All 9 animals that divide the hoof but it is not completely split in two 10 and do not chew the cud 11 are unclean to you; anyone who touches them becomes unclean. 12 11:27 All that walk on their paws among all the creatures that walk on all fours 13 are unclean to you. Anyone who touches their carcass will be unclean until the evening, 11:28 and the one who carries their carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening; they are unclean to you.
11:29 “‘Now this is what is unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm on the land: 14 the rat, the mouse, the large lizard of any kind, 11:30 the Mediterranean gecko, the spotted lizard, the wall gecko, the skink, and the chameleon. 11:31 These are the ones that are unclean to you among all the swarming things. Anyone who touches them when they die will be unclean until evening. 11:32 Also, anything they fall on 15 when they die will become unclean – any wood vessel or garment or article of leather or sackcloth. Any such vessel with which work is done must be immersed in water 16 and will be unclean until the evening. Then it will become clean. 11:33 As for any clay vessel they fall into, 17 everything in it 18 will become unclean and you must break it. 11:34 Any food that may be eaten which becomes soaked with water 19 will become unclean. Anything drinkable 20 in any such vessel will become unclean. 21 11:35 Anything their carcass may fall on will become unclean. An oven or small stove must be smashed to pieces; they are unclean, and they will stay unclean 22 to you. 11:36 However, a spring or a cistern which collects water 23 will be clean, but one who touches their carcass will be unclean. 11:37 Now, if such a carcass falls on any sowing seed which is to be sown, 24 it is clean, 11:38 but if water is put on the seed and such a carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.
11:39 “‘Now if an animal 25 that you may eat dies, 26 whoever touches its carcass will be unclean until the evening. 11:40 One who eats from its carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening, and whoever carries its carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. 11:41 Every swarming thing that swarms on the land is detestable; it must not be eaten. 11:42 You must not eat anything that crawls 27 on its belly or anything that walks on all fours or on any number of legs 28 of all the swarming things that swarm on the land, because they are detestable.
1 tn For zoological remarks on the following list of birds see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:662-64; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 159-60.
1 tn Heb “and the buzzard to its kind” (see also vv. 16 and 19 for the same expression “of any kind”).
1 tn Heb “every crow to its kind.” Many English versions (e.g., KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT) render this as “raven.”
1 tn Literally, “the daughter of the wasteland.” Various proposals for the species of bird referred to here include “owl” (KJV), “horned owl” (NIV, NCV), and “ostrich” (ASV, NAB, NASB, NRSV, NLT).
1 tn Heb “the one walking on four” (cf. vv. 21-23 and 27-28).
1 tn Heb “which to it are lower legs from above to its feet” (reading the Qere “to it” rather than the Kethib “not”).
1 tn For entomological remarks on the following list of insects see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:665-66; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 160-61.
1 tn Heb “and to these.”
1 tn Heb “to all” (cf. the note on v. 24). This and the following verses develop more fully the categories of uncleanness set forth in principle in vv. 24-25.
2 tn Heb “divides hoof and cleft it does not cleave”; KJV “divideth the hoof, and is not clovenfooted”; NLT “divided but unsplit hooves.”
3 tn See the note on Lev 11:3.
4 sn Compare the regulations in Lev 11:2-8.
1 tn Heb “the one walking on four.” Compare Lev 11:20-23.
1 tn For zoological analyses of the list of creatures in vv. 29-30, see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:671-72; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 161-62.
1 tn Heb “And all which it shall fall on it from them.”
2 tn Heb “in water it shall be brought.”
1 tn Heb “And any earthenware vessel which shall fall from them into its midst.”
2 tn Heb “all which is in its midst.”
1 tn Heb “which water comes on it.”
2 tn Heb “any drink which may be drunk”; NASB “any liquid which may be drunk”; NLT “any beverage that is in such an unclean container.”
3 tn This half of the verse assumes that the unclean carcass has fallen into the food or drink (cf. v. 33 and also vv. 35-38).
1 tn Heb “be unclean.”
1 tn Heb “a spring and a cistern collection of water”; NAB, NIV “for collecting water.”
1 tn Heb “And if there falls from their carcass on any seed of sowing which shall be sown.”
1 tn This word for “animal” refers to land animal quadrupeds, not just any beast that dwells on the land (cf. 11:2).
2 tn Heb “which is food for you” or “which is for you to eat.”
1 tn Heb “goes” (KJV, ASV “goeth”); NIV “moves about”; NLT “slither along.” The same Hebrew term is translated “walks” in the following clause.
2 tn Heb “until all multiplying of legs.”