Leviticus 11:7

11:7 The pig is unclean to you because its hoof is divided (the hoof is completely split in two ¹ ), even though it does not chew the cud. ² 

Leviticus 11:3-6

11:3 You may eat any among the animals that has a divided hoof (the hooves are completely split in two ³ ) and that also chews the cud. ⁴  11:4 However, you must not eat these ⁵  from among those that chew the cud and have divided hooves: The camel is unclean to you ⁶  because it chews the cud ⁷  even though its hoof is not divided. ⁸  11:5 The rock badger ⁹  is unclean to you because it chews the cud even though its hoof is not divided. 11:6 The hare is unclean to you because it chews the cud even though its hoof is not divided.

Leviticus 11:26

Inedible Land Quadrupeds

11:26 “‘All ¹⁰  animals that divide the hoof but it is not completely split in two ¹¹  and do not chew the cud ¹²  are unclean to you; anyone who touches them becomes unclean. ¹³ 

Leviticus 1:17

1:17 and tear it open by its wings without dividing it into two parts. ¹⁴  Finally, the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar on the wood which is in the fire – it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.

Leviticus 5:8

5:8 He must bring them to the priest and present first the one that is for a sin offering. The priest ¹⁵  must pinch ¹⁶  its head at the nape of its neck, but must not sever the head from the body. ¹⁷ 

¹ tn See the note on Lev 11:3.

² tn The meaning and basic rendering of this clause is quite certain, but the verb for “chewing” the cud here is not the same as the preceding verses, where the expression is “to bring up the cud” (see the note on v. 3 above). It appears to be a cognate verb for the noun “cud” (גֵּרָה, gerah) and could mean either “to drag up” (i.e., from the Hebrew Qal of גָרָר [garar] meaning “to drag,” referring to the dragging the cud up and down between the stomach and mouth of the ruminant animal; so J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:647, 653) or “to chew” (i.e., from the Hebrew Niphal [or Qal B] of גָרָר used in a reciprocal sense; so J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 149, and compare BDB 176 s.v. גָרַר, “to chew,” with HALOT 204 s.v. גרר qal.B, “to ruminate”).

³ tn Heb “every divider of hoof and cleaver of the cleft of hooves”; KJV, ASV “parteth the hoof, and is clovenfooted.”

⁴ tn Heb “bringer up of the cud” (a few of the ancient versions include the conjunction “and,” but it does not appear in the MT). The following verses make it clear that both dividing the hoof and chewing the cud were required; one of these conditions would not be enough to make the animal suitable for eating without the other.

⁵ tn Heb “this,” but as a collective plural (see the following context).

⁶ sn Regarding “clean” versus “unclean,” see the note on Lev 10:10.

⁷ tn Heb “because a chewer of the cud it is” (see also vv. 5 and 6).

⁸ tn Heb “and hoof there is not dividing” (see also vv. 5 and 6).

⁷ sn A small animal generally understood to be Hyrax syriacus; KJV, ASV, NIV “coney”; NKJV “rock hyrax.”

⁹ tn Heb “to all” (cf. the note on v. 24). This and the following verses develop more fully the categories of uncleanness set forth in principle in vv. 24-25.

¹⁰ tn Heb “divides hoof and cleft it does not cleave”; KJV “divideth the hoof, and is not clovenfooted”; NLT “divided but unsplit hooves.”

¹¹ tn See the note on Lev 11:3.

¹² sn Compare the regulations in Lev 11:2-8.

¹¹ tn Heb “he shall not divide it.” Several Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, and Syriac have a vav on the negative, yielding the translation, “but he shall not divide it into two parts.” Cf. NIV “not severing it completely” (NRSV similar).

¹³ tn Heb “he.” The subject (“he”) refers to the priest here, not the offerer who presented the birds to the priest (cf. v. 8a).

¹⁴ sn The action seems to involve both a twisting action, breaking the neck of the bird and severing its vertebrae, as well as pinching or nipping the skin, but in this case not severing the head from the main body (note the rest of this verse).

¹⁵ tn Heb “he shall not divide [it]” (see J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:305).